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BY O. A. FARWELL, DETROIT, MIOHKJAN

Reprinted from the Second Annual Report of the

MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

A CATALOGUE OP THE FLOE A OF DETROIT.

O. A. FARWELL, DETROIT.

(Reprinted, with additions, from Eleventh Annual Report (,'ommissioners of Parks and

Boulevards, Detroit.)

My field work at Detroit has been extended over a series of eight
years and has been confined for tlie most part to the eastern part of
the city. In Detroit, as in most western cities with a territory of
several miles in extent, there are several localities where the soil' has
not been turned b}' the ploughshare nor the forest disturbed by the
woodman's ax. Such a place is that known as the Linden Park sub-
division. It is a plat of land comprising several acres and lies east of
the boulevard between Kercheval avenue on the south and Gratiot
avenue on the north; at the. northeast corner of this plat is situated the
old race course and driving park, now overgrown with shrubbery, etc.

Belle Isle is an island at the head of Detroit river, about two miles
long by one-half in width. The lower half has been largely cleared
and improved for park purposes, but the upper half is still adorned
with its virginal vegetable splendors. It is to Detroit what Coney
Island, Central Park, etc., is to New York and is visited by thousands
of pleasure seekers every day during the hot summer months. It is
a }»art of the Detroit park system and in order to gather any of the
wild plants that grow ui)on the island a permit from the Board of Park
and Boulevard Commissioners is a si)ie qua noii : I have been most
fortunate in this respect, having been able, with but one exception, to
obtain a permit each year. The greater part of the plants mentioned
in this list have been collected from one or the other of these localities,
but the grass}' banks along the thinly populated streets, the ditches
or gutters, and the ballast grounds have yielded some interesting
things; also the wooded fields near Palmer Park (of the park system
of Detroit) but this locality is outside of the city.

The character of the soil is much the same in all these places, it being
a low, slightly undulating plain mainly of clayey composition. We will
not therefore find a varied flora. In the canals, rivers, and ponds may
be seen the water lilies, the millfoils, the potamogetons and the utricu-
larias; the low marshy grounds give rise to the buttercups, lilies and
sedges; while such })lants as the St. John's Wort, compositiB and figworts
are usually found growing on the drier grounds. In the River Rouge
in the western part of the- city may be found the rare American lotus,
Xchimho Icutva (Willd.) Pers. This, however, I have been given to
understand is not indigenous to this river but has probably been intro-
duced from near Monroe. In Gray's Synoptical Flora the plant is said
to be indigenous from Michigan and Minnesota to Texas and eastward.
It has been said, however, that throughout the central states the plant
is only an introduction, brought north by the Indians from farther
south. Pota)iio(/cton rutilus, Mr. Wheeler informs me, was collected by
himself in Detroit river just above Belle Isle but I have not as yet

32 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

seen it, it is a rare species in Michigan, liaviiijj; been found, I belie\'e,
in only one or two localities.

The ferns are few in number and each s])ecies is itself scarce; in the
woods on Belle Isle may be found the Urijopterls simulata, recently
se[)arated from J>. Thcli/ptcri.s (Lin.) A. Gray by Mr. Davenport. It is
a rare fern and more commonly met with in the eastern states. Michi-
gan has not before been included in its range.

Some eastern plants have been creeping west; among these may be
mentioned the Cardainlne hirsuta Lin., th6 bitter cress; the Geum
vcnunn (Raf.) T. & G. or spring avens; the Phjjsalis PhUadelphica Lam.,
one of the ground cherries; the Euphorbia hirsuta (Torr.) Wiegd., the
hairy spurge; and a variety of chicory Chicorium Intijhus Lin. rar.
divaricdta DC. The Cardaniine is rare in this country, being confined
generally to the eastern Atlantic states, it is the first time, I believe,
that it has been reported from west of the Aj^palachians. It was
found in moist dense woods on the upper half of Belle Isle. The
Euphorbia is another rare plant not before refwrted from west of New
York; it has recently been separated from the E. nutans or E. hyperici-
folia which aggregate has given rise to several so called species.
Another, the Aster cricoides L. var. pJati/phi/Uus T. & G. has crept up
from the south; it is the first time it has been recorded for Michigan,
and is quite common near the water works, on grassy banks. There is
another peculiar form of aster which, perhaps, may turn out to be the
rare Aster amcthj/stinus Nutt. but it requires further study.

A rare and interesting find, as ballast waifs, were the Pacific coasi
Lupin us poll/carpus Greene, Trifolium furcatuin Lindl. and the T. dc-
pHupvratuin Desv. Among other ballast plants may be mentioned the
Belladonna {Atropu Belladonna Lin.); the Ajowan (Caruin Copticum
(Lin.) Bth. & Hk.f.); and the common garden beet [Beta rulgaris Lin.)
I'robably a number of plants found on Belle Isl^ have been introduced
by means of bou(iuets taken to the island by pleasure seekers and
picnickers; as such, perhaps may be mentioned the American cowslip,
{f)odecathcon Meadia Lin.), the Hellebore [Hellehorus viridis Lin.), the
Kattlebox (Crotalaria sae/ittalis Lin.), and the False Kue Anemone
[Isopf/runi biternatuni (Raf.) T. iV: G.).

Several of our old and well known ])lants considered as single species
by our older botanists have been split up into several by the younger
botanists of the present generation. Whether or not these segregations
are well taken can be told only by future field work and careful study.
Among the old species so treated may be mentioned Fanicum diehotoinuni.
Lin. which has been split into innumerable species of which we have
three, the P. Columbianum Scribn., P. pubescens Lam., and P. lanuginosa
Ell. Agropi/ron repens (L.) Beauv. has been divided and we now have
in addition to the type Ihe varieties agreste Anders, and pilosum
Scribn. ^: Sin. and .1. l^niiUiii Rydb. Sisi/rincliiuin Bcrniudlana Lin.
has also been segregated and we now have aS*. graniinoides Bicknell and
S. albiduni Raf. On the northeast corner of Belle Isle is an artificial
lake constructed to reclaim a large tract of marshy ground. On the
present site of the lake was discovered, several years ago, a peculiar
Sisi/rinrhiuni. Instead of having flat winged stems and leaves as usual
these were almost thread-like or terete; Ihe bases of the leaves were

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT.

33

somewhat broadened and slightly hastate hence the name S. hastilc.
The construction of the lake mentioned above, I have no doubt, has
destroyed the locality. Another species collected by the author near
Birmingham has been named by Mr. Bicknell after the discoverer. I
believe that several other new species from Michigan have been described
as well as a score or more from other districts of the country. Tiola
ohliqua Hill and Viola sororia Wild, have been eliminated from
V. ciicidata Ait.; V. emarginata (Nutt.) Le Conte and V. ovata Kutt.
have been separated from V. saglttata Ait. The common plantain ever-
lasting {Antennaria plantaf/inifoUum (Lin.) Richards.) has been divided
into a score or more species. Among those found at Detroit may be
mentioned A. neodioica Greene rar. attenuata Fernald; A. neglecta
Greene; A. occidentalis Greene; and A. arnoglossa Greene var. amhigens
Greene.

This list does not by any means represent a complete flora of Detroit,
but only the results of such work as I have been enabled to do in the
field. The sequence of families and nomenclature adopted in this list,
except where the application of the rules of priority would require a
change, are those exemplified in the Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien of
Engler and Prantl.

SUMMARY.

Pteridophyta

Spermatophyta Angiospermge Monocotyledones

Diootyledones Choripetalae

Gamopetalse

Total

Orders.

Families.

Genera.

6

77

171

117

Sp., Var.
and forms.

13
241

372
259

34

103

885

SUBKINGDOM 1. PTERIDOPHYTA.

Order 1. Filicales.

FAMILY L OPHIOGLOSSACE.F. Adders Tongue Family.

1. BOTRYCHIUM, Swz. Grape Ferns.

1. obliquum, Muhl. Grassy fields at Linden Park. Rare.

FAMILY 2. OSMUNDACE^. Royal Fern Family.

2. OSMUNDA, Lin. Cinnamon Ferns.

2. regal is, Lin. Royal Fern.

3. cinnamomea, Lin. Cinnamon Fern.

4. Claj^tonia, Lin.

These three ferns are found on low ground at Linden Park.

FAMILY 3. POLYPODIACE.E. Fern Family.

3. ONOCLEA, Lin.

5. sensibilis, L. Sensitive Fern.

Common in moist thickets on Belle Isle and main land.
'5

34 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

4. DRYOPTERIS, Adans. Shield Ferns.

0. Thelypteris (Lin.) A. Gray. More or less frequent on Belle Isle.

7. simulata. Davenport. More or less freqvient on Belle Isle.

8. niarginalis (Lin.) A. Gray. In woods at Linden Park. Rare.

5. ADIANTU:\r. Lin. Maidenhair Fern.

9. pedatuni, Lin.

Thickets on Belle Isle, more or less frequent.

Order 2. Equisetales.

FAMILY 4. EQUISETACE.E. Horsetail Family.

6. EQUISETUM, Lin. Horsetails.

10. arvense, Lin. Belle Isle, also main land. Common.

11. pratense, Ehrh. Thickets on Belle Isle. Rare.

12. fluviatile, Lin. Belle Isle, also main land. Common.

13. variegatum, Schleich. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Not common.

STJBKINGDOM 2. SPERMATOPHYTA.

CLASS ANGIOSPERMAE.

SUBCLASS 1. MONOCOTYLEDONES.

Order 1. Pandaivales.

FA]VIILY 1. TYPHACE.E. Cat-tail Family.

1. TYPHA, Lin.

1. latifolia, Lin. Cat-tail. Sandy grounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 2. SPARGANIACE.E. Bur-reed Family.

2. SPARGANIUM, Lin.

2. eurycarpum, Engelm. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle.. Common.

Order 2. Naiadales.

FAMILY 3. POTAMOGETONACE.E. Pondweed Family.

3. POTAMOGETON, Lin.

3. natans, Lin. Detroit River. Common.

4. var. prolixus, Koch. Detroit River. Rare.

5. alpinus, Balbis. Detroit River. Not common.
G. gramineus, Lin.

P. gramineus L. var. gratninifolius Fries.
Detroit River. The common form.

7. var. heterophyllus (Schreb. ) Fries.

Detroit River, canals on Belle Isle. Not as common as the type.

8. var. longipedunculatus (Merat.)

P. heteropliyilus var. longipedunculatus (Merat.) Morong, Mem. Tor.
Bot. Club, 3, Pt. 2, 24: 1893. Detroit River. Common.

9. perfoliatus, Lin. Detroit River. Common.

10. var. Richardsonii, A. Bennett. Detroit River. Rare.

11. compressus, Lin.

P. zostera'folius Schum. Detroit River. Common.

12. mueronatus, Schrad. Detroit River; in shallow places near shore of

main land. Common.

13. filiformis, Pers. Sandy shores of Belle Isle, in shallow water. Rare.

14. pectinatus, Lin. With the last, but common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 35

FAMILY 4. NAIADACE.-E. Naiad or Water Nymph Family.

4. NATAS, Lin.

15. liexilis (Willd.) Rosk & Sehmidth.

Either slender and distantly branched, a foot or more long, or short
(two or three inches) and bushy, rigid. Common on sandy shores of
Belle Isle in shallow places.

FAMILY 5. ALISMACE.E. Water Plantain Family.

5. ALISMA, Lin.

It). Plantago aquatica, Lin., var. trivialis (Ph.)

A. trivialis Ph. Fl. Am. Sept. 1, 252: 1814.

Leaves ovate or oval, large (5-G inches long), obtuse, cordate, 7-9
nerved. The American plant differs from the European in having
longer, more slender pedicles and in having smaller flowers, which
are white instead of pale rose.

Old race-course. Frequent.

17. var. parviflora (Ph.)

A. parvifloraFh. Fl. Am. Sept. 1, 253: 1814.

Leaves and flowers smaller; leaves abrubtly acutish, 3-5 nerved, sub-
cordate or obtuse at base. Vic. Linden Park. Frequent.

6. SAGITTARIA. Lin. Arrowhead.

18. arifolia, Nutt. Belle Isle canals. Common.

19. sagittsefolia, Lin., forma latifolia (Willd.) Britt. Belle Isle. Common,

20. forma obtusa (Willd.) Britt. Belle Isle. Rare.

21. forma hastata (Ph.) Britt. Belle Isle. Frequent.

22. forma diversifolia (Engelm.) Britt. Belle Isle. Rare.

23. forma augustifolia (Engelm.) Britt. Belle Isle. Rare.

24. rigidia, Ph. In canals on Belle Isle. Common.

25. var. Engelmanni.

8. heterophylla var. augustifolia Engelm, in A. Gr. Man. Ed. 5, 494:
1867. Not <S'. augustifolia, Lindl. River shores of Belle Isle. Com-
mon.

26. graminea, Mx. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 6. VALLISNERIACE^. Tape Grass Family.

7. VALLISNERIA. Lin. Tape Grass.

27. spiralis, Lin. Eel Grass. Belle Isle canals. Frequent.

8. PHILOTRIA, Raf.

28. Canadensis (Mx.) Britt. Water Thyme. Common in Detroit River,

Order 3. Graminales.

FAMILY 7. GRAMINE.E. Grass Family.

9. ANDROPOGON. Lin. Beard-grass.

29. furcatus, Muhl. Linden Park. Rare.

10. CHRYSOPOGON. Trin.

30. avenaceous (Mx.) Benth. Indian Grass. Linden Park. Rare.

11. SORGHUM. Moench. Broom corn.

31. Sorghum (Lin.) Karst. Johnson-grass. Ballast grounds, Detroit,

Frequent.

12. PASPALUM, Lin. Joint grass.

32. setaceum, Mx. Linden Park. Common.

36 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

13. PAXICUM, Lin. Panic Grass.

33. sanf^iinale, Lin. Belle Isle. Common.

34. humifusum (Pers.) Kunth. Belle Isle. Frequent.

35. Crus-galli, Lin. Barnyard Grass. Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

36. var. mite. Ph. Panicum Crus-(jaUi Lin. var. m^iticum Ell. Bal-

last Grounds, Detroit. Rare.

37. var. purpureuni, Ph. Belle Isle, waste places, etc.; the common

form.

38. var. Walter! (Ph.) P. Walteri Ph. Fl. Am. Sept. 1, 66: 1814.

Low groimds near the water works. Frequent.

39. sphserocarpon. Ell. Linden Park. Common.

40. commutatum, Schultes. Waste places, Detroit. Rare.

41. macrocarpon, Le Conte. Linden Park. Frequent.

42. Scribnerianum, Nash. Linden Park. Common.

43. pubescens. Lam. Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

44. lanuginosum. Ell. Grassy places under trees on Belle Isle. Frequent.

45. Columbianum, Schribn. Belle Isle. Common.

46. liniarifolium, Scribn. Detroit. Frequent.

47. miliaceum, Lin. Millet. Ballast, etc. Detroit. Common.

48. capillare, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

14. CH^TOCHLOA, Scribn. Foxtail Millets.

49. glauca (Lin.) Scribn. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

50. viridis (Lin.) Scribn. Belle Isle. Common.

51. Italica (Lin.) Scribn. Belle Isle. Rare.

52. var. Germanica (Mill.) Scribn. Panicum Germanicum Mill. Gard.

Diet., Ed. 8, No. 1, 1868. Ballast, etc., Detroit. Rare.

15. CENCHRUS, Lin. Bur Grass.

53. tribuloides, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

16. ZIZANIA, Lin. Wild Rice.

54. aquatica, Lin. Marshy grounds, etc., Belle Isle. Frequent.

17. HOMALOCENCHRUS, Mieg.

55. Virginicus (Wild.) Britt. White Grass. Woods on Belle Isle. Common.

56. oryzoides (Lin.) Poll. Rice Cut-grass. Borders of canals on Belle

Isle. Rare.

18. PHALARIS, Lin.

57. arundinacea, Lin., var. picta, Lin.

The familiar ribbon grass of the garden is sometimes found in waste
grounds.

58. Canariensis, Lin. Canary Grass. Waste grounds, Detroit. Common.

19. MUHLENBERGIA, Schreb.

59. Mexicana (Lin.) Trin. Near Palmer Park. Common.

60. sylvatica. ToVrey. Frequent on the south shore of Belle Isle.

61. diffusa, Schreb. Woods on Belle Isle. Common.

20. PHLEUM. Lin.

62. pratense, Lin. Timothy. Nimble Will. Woods on Belle Isle. Common.

21. ALOPECURUS, Lin. Foxtail.

63. geniculatus, Lin., var. aristulatus (Mx.) Torr. Belle Isle shores, etc.

Common.

22. SPOROBOLUS, R. Br.

G4. neglectus, Nash. Drop-seed Grass. Sandy grounds near the Water

Works. Rare.
65. cryptandrus (Torr) A. Gr. Rush Grass. Sandy shores at Detroit.

Frequent.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 37

23. CINNA, Lin. Reed Grass.

66. arundinacea, Lin. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

24. AGROSTIS, Lin. Fiorin.

67. stolonifera, Lin.

A. capillaris Lin. Sp. PI. 62: 1853, p. p.

A. vulgaris With. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

68. var. alba (Lin.) O. K. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

69. var. coarctata (Ehrh.) Celak.

A. coarctata Ehrh., ex. Hoffm. Dent. FL, Ed. 2, Vol. 1. 37: 1800.
Sides of gutters in Detroit. Rare.

70. pseudointermedia.

A. intermedia Scribn. Bull. Ten. Agri. Exp. Sta. 7, 76: 1894, not
Balbis 1801. In vacant fields in Detroit. Common.

71. hyemalis (Walt.) B. S. P. Belle Isle. Frequent.

25. CALAJMAGROSTIS, Adans.

72. Canadensis (Mx.) Beauv. Blue-joint grass. Low grounds on Belle Isle.

Common.

26 AVENA, Lin.

73. sativa, Lin. Common Oat. Shores of Belle Isle, etc. Common.

27. DANTHONIA, DC. Oat Grass.

74. spicata (Lin.) Beauv. Near Linden Park, Detroit. Common.

28. SPARTIXA, Schreb.

75. cynosuroides (L.) Willd. Marsh Grass. In woods on Belle Isle. Fre-

quent. •

29. ERAGROSTIS, Beauv.

76. Frankii, Steud. Sandy places on Belle Isle. Not frequent.

77. pilosa (Lin.) Beauv. Belle Isle. Frequent.

78. Purshii, Schrad. Belle Isle and other places at Detroit. Frequent.

79. major, Host. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

80. hypnoides (Lam.) B. S. P. Near Linden Park, Detroit. Frequent.

30. EATONIA, Raf.

81. Pennsylvanica (DC.) A. Gr. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

31. DACTYLIS, Lin.

82. glomerata, Lin. Orchard Grass. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

32. POA, Lin. Meadow Grass.

83. annua, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

84. compressa, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

85. pratensis, Lin. Kentucky Blue Grass. June Grass. Belle Isle, etc.

Common.

86. flava, Lin. False Red-top. Belle Isle. Common.

33. PANICULARIA, Fabr. Manna Grass.

87. Canadensis (Mx.) 0. K. Vic. Linden Park. Rare.

88. nervata (Willd.) 0. K. Belle Isle. Common.

89. borealis, Nash. Belle Isle. Frequent.

34. FESTUCA, Lin. Fescue-grass.

90. elatior, Lin. Belle Isle. Frequent.

91. var. pratensis (Huds.) A. Gr. Various places in Detroit. Com-

mon.

92. nutans, Willd. In woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

38 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

35. BROMUS, Lin.

93. ciliatus, Lin. Vic. Linden Park. Rare.

94. tectorum, Lin. Grassy sides of streets in Detroit. Frequent.

95. conimutatus, Sclirad.? Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

Cannot be B. racemosus to which this species is usually referred. Possi-
bly it is B. arvensis; the spikes are softly pubescent.

96. hordeaceus, Lin. B. mollis, Lin. On sandy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

97. secalinus, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

98. racemosus, Lin. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Common.

36. LOLIOI, Lin. Ray or Rye Grass.

99. temulentum, Lin. Naturalized on Belle Isle, etc. Rare. Also cultivated.

37. AGROPYRON, J. Gsertn. Wheat Grass.

100. repens (Lin.) Beauv. Belle Isle. Frequent.

101. var. agreste, Anders. Grassy banks of streets in Detroit. Com-

mon.

102. var. nemorale, Anders. Waste grounds at Detroit. Common.

103. var. pilosum. Scrib. & Sm. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

104. forma stoloniferum. Spikelet not over 5-8 inch in length; empty

glumes not more than a half the length of the spikelet: all the
glumes cuspidate or with an awn equal to half their length.
Culms rigidly erect, single: lower sheaths pubescent: leaves flat,
smooth on the back, more or less scabrous or short strigose
above. Grassy banks at Detroit. Frequent. No. 1634.

105. forma geniculatum. Spikes approaching those of A. Smithii ;

spikelets elongated, % of an inch or more long, lowest remote,
often an inch and a half apart, empty glumes cuspidate; flower-
ing glumes acute, not awned. Culmes geniculate, caespitose,
forming mats 6 inches to a foot in diameter : leaves flat, scab-
rous above, smooth on the back; sheaths smooth equaling or
exceeding the internodes. Sides of streets and ditches at De-
troit. Frequent. No. 1635.

106. Smithii, Rydb. Waste places at Detroit. Common.

107. caninum (Lin.) R. & S. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

38. TRITICC:M, Lin. Wheat.

108. sestivum, Lin. T. vulgare Vill. Waste places at Detroit. Frequent.

109. var. hybernum (Lin.) T. hybernum Lin. Sp. PI. 86:1753. The

glumes awnless ; common beardless wheat. Belle Isle. Fre-
quent.

39. SECALE, Lin. Rye.

110. cereale, Lin. Frequent on Belle Isle and on waste grounds at Detroit.

40. HORDEUM, Lin. Barley.

111. jubatum, Lin. Squirrel-tail Grass. Waste places at Detroit. Frequent.

41. ELYNIUS. Lin. Wild Rye.

112. striatus, Willd.. vaV. villosus (Muhl.) A. Gr. Belle Isle. Frequent.

113. Virginicus, Lin. Belle Isle. Rare.

114. Canadensis, Lin. Belle Isle. Frequent.

115. var. glaucifolius (Willd.) Torr. Near old Race-course at Detroit.

Rare.

42. HYSTRIX, Mcench. Bottle-brush Grass.

116. Hystrix (Lin.) Millsp. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 39

FAMILY 8. CYPERACE.E. Sedge Family.

43. CYPERUS. Lin.

117. diandrus, Torr. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

118. rivularis. Kunth. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. etc. Common.

119. esculentus, Lin., var. angustispicatus, Britt. Near Palmer Park. Not

common.

120. strigosus. Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

121. var. capitatus, Bceckl. Near Palmer Park. Not common.

122. var. robustior, Kunth. Belle Isle. Frequent.

123. filiculmis, Vahl. Near Linden Park. Rare.

44. ELEOCHARIS, R. Br. Spike Rush.

124. obtusa (Willd.) Schultes. Shores of Belle Isle, etc. Common.
125 palustris (L.) R. & S. Sandv shores on Belle Isle. Frequent.

126. var. glaucescens (Willd.) A. Gr. Belle Isle and elsewhere.
Common.

127. acicularis (Lin.) R. & S. Shores of Belle Isle. Frequent.

45. SCIRPUS, Lin. Bulrush.

128. Americanus, Pers. Shores of Belle Isle. Common.

129. lacustris. Lin. Shores of Belle Isle. Common.

130. atrovirens, Muhl. Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

131. var. pallidus, Britt. Vic. Linden Park. Common.

46 ERIOPHORUM, Lin. Cotton Grass.

132. lineatus (Mx.) Bth. & Hk. f. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

133. cyperinum, Lin. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

134. " var. atrocinctus (Fernald.)

Scripus atrocinctus. Fernald in Pro. Am. Aca. Arts & Sci., Vol. 34, No,
19, 502:1899. Similar to the var. Eriophorum (ilx.) Scirpus Erio-
phorum ]\Lx. Fl. 1, 33:1803, but the sheaths of the involucral bracts,
the scales and the wool are from black to drab instead of rust-
colored. The species has all the spikelets sessile in glomerules oi
three or more and the sheaths of the involucral bracts intermediate
between those of the two varieties. The two varieties have the
spikelets clustered, but the lateral or outer ones are on more or less
elongated pedicels.

47. RYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. Beaked rush.

135. glomerata (Lin.) Vahl. Linden Park. Common.

48. CAREX, Lin. Sedge: Swamp grass.

136. intumescens. Rudge. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

137. Asa-Gravi. Bailev. Low grassy grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

138. gigantea'. Rudge.* Tr. Lin. Soc. 7. 99. pi. 10. 2:1804. Carex lupulina

Muhl. tar. peduntulata Dew. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Common,

139. var. lupulina (Muhl.) Carex lupiditm, Muhl.; Willd., Sp. PL

4, 266:1805. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

140. hystricina, Muhl., var. Cooleyi, Dew. Low grassy shores of Belle Isle.

Rare.

141. Pseudo-Cyperus, Lin., var. Americana, Hochst. Marshy grounds on

Belle Isle.

142. squarrosa, Lin. Woods near old race-course. Rare.

143. tvphinoides. S«liwein. Vic. Linden Park. Rare.

144. riparia. Curtis. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

145. lanuginosa. Mx. Borders of canals on Belle Isle. Frequent.

146. filiformis. Lin. With the last but more common.

147. fusca. All. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

148. stricta. Lam. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

149. Haydeni, Dewey. Shores of Belle Isle. Bare.

150. g%aiandra. Schw. Linden Park. Frequent.

151. flaeca, Schreb. C. glanca Scop. Southern shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

40

MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

152. virescens, Muhl. Linden Park. Frequent.

153. gracillinia, Schw. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

154. grisea, Walil. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

155. granularis, Muhl. Woods on Belle Isle. Common.

156. var. Shriveri, Britton. Vic. Linden Park. Frequent.

157. viridula, Mx. Shores of Belle Isle. Not common.

158. conoidea, Schk. Near Linden Park. Bare.

159. laxiflora, Lam. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

160. var. blanda (Dew.) Boott. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

161. var. varians, Bailey. In grassy situations on Belle Isle. Common.

162. tetanica, Schk. var. Woodii (Dew.) Bailey. Near Linden Park. Rare.

163. var. Meadii, (Dew.) Bailey, Near Linden Park. Rare.

164. digitalis, Willd. Linden Park. Common.

165. aurea, Nutt. Linden Park. Common.

166. pedicellata (Dew.) Britt. .In woods at Linden Park. Common.

167. Pennsylvanica, Lam. Near Palmer Park. Common.

168. pubescens, Muhl. In woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

169. stipata, Muhl. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Not common.

170. alopecoidea, Tuckerm., var. sparsispicata. Dew. Linden Park. Rare.

171. vulpinoidea, Mx. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

172. xanthocarpa, Bicknell. Near Linden Park. Rare.

173. rosea, Schk. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

174. A'ar. radiata. Dew. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

175. sparganioides, Muhl. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

176. cephalophora, Muhl. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

177. Muhlenbergii, Schk. Frequent on sterile grounds near Palmer Park;

also Linden Park.

178. interior, Bailey. Marshy gi-ounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

179. Muskingumensis, Schw. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

180. tribuloides, Wahl. Common on low grounds on Belle Isle.

181. var. moniliformis (Tuckerm.) Britt. With the species. Common.

182. scoparia, Schk. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

183. cristatella, Britt. In woods on Belle Isle. Common.

184. straminea, Willd. Common on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

185. var. mirabilis (Dew.) Tuckerm. W^ith the species. Common.

186. var. ferruginea (A. Gr.) Bailey. Near the old race-course. Rare.

187. var. festucacea (Willd.) Tuckerm. With the species. Common.

Order 4. Aeales.

FAMILY 9. ARACE.E. Arum Family.

49. ARIS/EMA, Mart.

188. triphyllum (Lin.) Torr. Indian Turnip. Belle Isle woods and else-

where. Rare.

50. ACORUS, Lin.

189. Calamus, Lin. Sweet Flag. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

Order 5. Xyridales.

FAMILY 10. PONTEDERIACE^. Pickerel-weed Family.

51. PONTEDERA, Lin.

190. cordata, Lin. Pickerel-weed. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

Order 6. Liliales.
FAMILY 11. JUNCACEJE. Rush Family.

52. JUNCUS, Lin. Rush.

191. efFusus, Lin. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

192. Balticus, Willd. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Frequent.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 41

193. biifonius, Lin. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

194. tenuis, Willd. With the last. Common.

195. var. secundus (Beauv.) Engelm. Near Palmer Park. Common.

196. pelocarpus, E. Meyer. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Common.

197. Richardsonianus, Schult. With the last. Common.

198. nodosus, Lin. Low grassy shores of Belle Isle. Frequent.

199. Torreyi, Coville. With the last but more common.

200. Canadensis, J. Gay. Near Palmer Park. Common.

201. acuminatus, Mx. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

53. JUNCOIDES, Adans.

202. campestre (L. ) 0. K. Belle Isle woods and elsewhere. Common.

FAMILY 12. LILIACE^. Lily Family.

54. UVULARIA, Lin. Bellwort.

203. grandiflora, J. E. Smith. Linden Park. Rare.

204. sessiliflora, Lin. With the last but more frequent.

55. HEMEROCALLIS, Lin. Day Lily.

205. fulva, Lin. Vacant lots, etc., Detroit. Rare.

56. ALLIUM, Lin. , Garlic.

206. Canadense, Lin. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

57. LILIUM, Lin. Lily.

207. Canadense, Lin. Belle Isle woods. Common.

208. superbum, Lin. With the last but rare.

58. TULIPA, Lin. Tulip.

209. Gesneriana, Lin. This and the Hyacinth apparently persist without

cultivation at the upper end of the Island and in other parts of Detroit,
1. e., on ballast grounds and vacant lots.

59. ERYTHRONIUM, Lin. Adders Tongue.

210. Americanum, Ker. Belle Isle w^oods, etc. Common.

211. albidura, Nutt. With the last but not common.

60. HYACINTHUS, Lin. Hyacinth.

212. orientalis, Lin.

61. ALETRIS, Lin. Star Grass.

213. farinosa, Lin. Near Linden Park. Common.

62. ASPARAGUS, Lin.

214. officinalis, Lin. Vacant fields in Detroit. Common.

63. VAGNERA, Adans.

215. racemosa (Lin.) Morong. Wild Spikenard. Belle Isle woods. Common.

64. UNIFOLIUM, Adans. False Lily-of-the-valley.

216. Canadense (Desf.) Greene. Near Palmer Park. Common.

65. POLYGONATUM, Hill. Solomon's Seal.

217. biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Near Palmer Park. Common.

218. commutatum (R. & S.) Dietr. Belle Isle woods. Common.

66. TRILLIUM, Lin. Wake-robin.

219. grandiflorum (Mx.) Salisb., var. obovatum (Ph.) T. obovatiim Ph. Fl.

Sept. Am. 1, 245:1814. The petals are rose color or pink. In the
species they are white and much larger. Belle Isle woods. Common.

220. erectum, Lin. Near Palmer Park. Rare.

221. cernuum, Lin. Belle Isle woods. Common.

222. undulatum, Willd. Near Linden Park. Rare.
6

42 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

67. SMILAX, Lin. Sarsaparilla.

223. herbacea, Lin. Carion-flower. Belle Isle woods. Kare.

224. var. humilis (Mill.) /S'. humilis Mill. Diet. Ed. 8, No. 11: 1768,

>S. pulverulenta Mx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2, 238: 1803. Belle Isle
woods. Rare.

225. var. ecirrhata, Engelm. Belle Isle woods. Common.

226. hispida, Miihl. Belle Isle woods. Common.

FAMILY 13. AiLlRYLLIDACExE. Amaryllis Family.

68. NARCISSUS, Lin.

227. Poeticus, Lin.

228. bitlorus, Curt.

These two species seem to persist along side of the avenues on Belle
Isle and without cultivation in the woods at the upper end of Belle
Isle.

69. HYPOXIS, Lin. Stargrass.

.229. hirsuta (Lin.) Coville. On sparsely wooded dry soil on Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 14. DIOSCOREACE^. Yam Family.

70. DIOSCOREA.

230. villosa, Lin. Wild Yam. Belle Isle woods. Common.

FAMILY 15. IRIDACE.E. Iris Family.

71. IRIS, Lin.

231. versicolor, Lin. Marshy grounds Belle Isle. Frequent.

72. GEMMINGIA, Fabr.

232. Chinensis (Lin.) O.K. Waste grounds at Detroit. Rare.

73. SISYRINCHIUM, Lin. Blue-eyed Grass.

233. graminoides, Bicknell. In grassy places on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Frequent.

234. hastile, Bicknell. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Rare. A new species.

235. albidum, Raf. Common on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

236. Farwellii, Bicknell. A new species from near Birmingham.

Order 7. Orciiidales.
FAMILY 16. ORCHIDACE.E. Orchid Family.

74. PERULARIA, Lindl.

237. flava (Lin.) Orchis flava Lin. Sp. PI. 942: 1753.

Hahenaria virescens Spreng. Syst. 3.688 : 1826. At Linden Park. Rare.

75. BLEPHARIGLOTIS, Raf.

238. lacera (Mx.) Orchis lacera Mx. Fl. Bor. Am., 2, 156: 1803. With the last.

Frequent.
2.39. leucophiPa (Nutt.) Orchis leucophcva Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, (II) 5,
161:1833-37. Grassy places on southern side of Belle Isle. Frequent.

76. GYROSTACHYS, Pers.

240. cernua (L.) Kuntze. Ladies' Tresses. At Linden Park. Frequent.

77. LEPTORCHIS, Thouars.

241. Loeselii (L.) McM. Moist banks at Detroit. Rare.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 43

SUBCLASS 2. DICOTYLEDONES.
SERIES 1. CH0RIPETAL.13.

Order 8. Salic ales.

FAMILY 17. SALICACE.E. Willow Family.

78. POPULUS, Lin. Poplar.

242. tremuloides, Mx. American Aspen. Linden Park. Frequent.

243. deltoides, Marsh. Cotton wood. Frequent on Belle Isle.

79. SALIX. Willow.

244. amygdaloides, Anders. Belle Isle shores. Common.

245. lucida, Muhl. On Belle Isle and elsewhere. Rare.

246. fragilis, Lin. Northeast shores of Belle Isle. Rare,

247. alba, Lin. var. vitellina (Lin.) Koch. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

248. Babylonica, Lin. Common on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

249. purpurea, Lin. South shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

250. tiuviatilis, Nutt. North shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

251. Bebbiana, Sarg. At Linden Park. Frequent.

252. tristis, Ait. At Linden Park. Frequent.

253. discolor, Muhl. Shores of Belle Isle. Frequent.

254. var. eriocephala (Mx.) Anders. At Linden Park. Rare.

255. sericea, Marsh. At Linden Park. Frequent.

256. petiolaris, J. E. Sm. On Belle Isle. Rare.

257. Candida, Fluegge. At old race-course. Frequent.

258. cordata, Muhl. At Linden Park. Rare.

259. var. angustata (Ph.) Anders. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

Order 9. Juglandales.

FAMILY 18. JUGLANDACE^. Walnut Family.

80. HICORIA, Raf. Hickory.

260. minima (Marsh.) Britt. Bitter-nut.

261. ovata (Mill.) Britton. Shell-bark.

262. var. borealis (Ashe.)

E. borealis Ashe. Notes on Hickories, 1896.

263. laciniosa (Mx.) Sarg. Shag-bark.

264. alba (Lin.) Britt. Mocker-nut.

265. glabra (Mill.) Britt. Pig-nut.

266. var. odorata (Marsh.) Sarg. .

All these hickories are more or less common on Belle Isle. The seeds
of all except H. minima and of H. glabra are edible. The fruit of
H. borealis has a thick husk completely separating into four valves,
a thin shell, and a sweet seed; the bark is shaggy; it therefore
is a variety of H. ovata. It differs from tlie species in having a
smaller fruit (not over one-half so large) and smaller, narrower
leaflets, foliage resiniferous shining and drying black when young.

Order 10. Fagales.

FAMILY 19. BETULACE.E. Birch Family.

81. BETULA, Lin.

267. papyrifera, Marsh. Canoe Birch. Near Palmer Park. Common.

44 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

FAJMILY 20. CORYLACEyE. Hazel-nut Family.

. 82. CARPINUS, Lin.

268. Virginiana (Marsh.) Sudw. Hornbeam, Blue or water beach. Com-
mon on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

83. OSTRYA, Scop.

2G9. Virginiana (Mill.) Koch. At places in Detroit. Rare.

84. CORYLUS, Lin.

270. Americana, Walt. Hazel-nut. Common on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

FAMILY 2L CASTANEACE^. Oak Family.

85. FAGUS, Lin. Beech.

271. Americana-latifolia, Muench. Near Palmer Park. Rare.

86. QUERCUS, Lin. Oak.

272. rubra, Lin. On Belle Isle and near Palmer Park. Rare.

273. palustris, DuRoi. On Belle Isle. Common.

274. coccinea x palustris. Hill. Near Palmer Park. Common.

275. alba, Lin. On Belle Isle. Common.

276. macrocarpa, Mx. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

277. platanoides (Lam.) Sudw. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

Order 11. Urticales.

FAMILY 22. ULMACE.E. Elm Family.

87. ULMUS, Lin.

278. Americana, Lin. Elm. In woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

FAMILY 23. LUPULACE.^. Hop Family.

88. CANNABIS, Lin.

279. sativa, Lin. Hemp. On ballast grounds, etc., Detroit. Rare.

FAMILY 24. URTICACE.E. Nettle Family.

89. URTICA, Lin.

280. dioica, Lin. Stinging Nettle. North shores Belle Isle. Frequent.
280a. gracilis. Ait. Near water works. Rare.

90. URTICASTRUM, Fabr.

281. divaricatum (Lin.) 0. K. Wood Nettle. Belle Isle woods. Common.

91. ADICEA, Raf.

282. pumila (Lin.) Raf. Clearweed. Belle Isle woods. Common.

Order 12. Santalales.

FAMILY 25. SANTALACE.^. Sandalwood Family.

92. COMANDRA, Nutt.

283. umbellata (Lin.) Nutt. Bastard Toad Flax. At Linden Park. Fre-

quent.

Order 13. Aristolochiales.

FAMILY 26. ARISTOLOCHIACE^. Birthwort Family.

93. ASARUM, Lin.

284. Canadense, Lin. Wild Ginger. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 45

Order 14. Polygonales.

FAMILY 27. POLYGONACE.F. Buckwheat Family.

94. RUMEX, Lin. Dock.

285. Acetosella, Lin. Sour Sab, Sorrel. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

286. crispus, Lin. Yellow Dock. On Belle Isle, etc. Common.

287. obtusifolius, Lin. Bitter Dock. With the last. Common.

9.5. FAGOPYRUM, Gsrtn.

288. Fagopyrum (Lin.) Karst. Buckwheat. Belle Isle, waste places, etc.

Rare.

96. POLYGONUM, Lin.

289. amphibium, Lin. Persicaria. Belle Isle canals. Common.

290. Hartwrightii, A. Gr. On dry grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

291. emersum (Mx.) Britton. With the last. Common.

292. incarnatum, Ell. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

293. lapathifolium, Lin. Borders of canals on Belle Isle. Rare.

294. A'ar. incanum (Schmidt) Koch. Near water on Belle Isle. Rare.

295. nodosum, Pers. Waste places at Detroit. Common.

296. Pennsylvanicum, Lin. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

297. Persicaria, Lin. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle. Common.

298. hydropiperoides, Mx. Waterpepper. Grassy shores on Belle Isle. Rare.

299. var. Macounii, Small. Borders of pools at Linden Park. Rare.

300. Hydropiper, Lin. Smart-weed. Waste places Belle Isle, etc. Common.

301. punctatum, Ell. Shores of Belle Isle. Common. '

302. orientale, Lin. Prince's Feather. Waste places at Detroit. Rare.

303. Virginianum, Lin. Knotweed. Belle Isle woods. Common.

304. aviculare, Lin. Knotweed. Roadsides on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

305. littorale, Link. With the last. Common.

306. Rayi, Babington. Roadsides on Belle Isle, etc. Rare.

307. erectum, Lin. Roadsides on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

308. Convolvulus, Lin. Bindweed. Waste places on Belle Isle, etc. Com-

mon.

309. scandens, Lin. Belle Isle and Palmer Park. Rare.

310. sagittatum, Lin. Near Palmer Park. Common.

• Order 15. Chenopodiales.

FAMILY 28. CHENOPODIACE.E. Goosefoot Family.

97. CHENOPODIUM, Lin.

311. album, Lin. Pigweed. On Belle Isle. Rare.

312. viride, Lin. On Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common. Also a low

prostrate, spreading form, forming a patch often three feet in
diameter. Leaves under a half inch in length, not larger than those
of Chenopodium vulvaria; linear.

313. leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. (?) A plant with a general habit and

aspect of this species but the leaves are destitute of mealiness under-
neath. Perhaps a form of C. viride. W^aste places at Detroit. Rare.

314. glaucum, Lin. Goosefoot. On Belle Isle, etc. Common.

315. murale, Lin. Roadsides, etc., at Detroit. Frequent.

316. hybridum, Lin. Waste places on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

317. Botrys, Lin. Jerusalem Oak. Waste grounds at Detroit. Common.

318. anthelminticum, Lin. Wormseed. Waste grounds at Detroit. Com-

mon.

319. vulvaria, Lin. Waste grounds at Detroit. Rare.

98. BETA, Lin.

320. vulgaris, Lin. Beet. Waste grounds at Detroit. Rare.

46 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

99. ATEIPLEX, Lin. Orachi.

321. hortensis, Lin. Garden Orache. With the last. Rare.

322. patula, Lin. Waste grounds at Detroit. Common.

323. hastata, Lin. With the last. Frequent.

100. SALSOLA. Lin.

324. Tragus, Lin. Russian Thistle. Waste grounds at Detroit. Rare.

FAMILY 29. AMARANTHACE.E. Amaranth Family.

101. AMARANTHUS, Lin.

325. retroflexus, Lin. Pigweed. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

326. hypochondriacus, Lin. Ballast grounds at Detroit. Frequent.

327. chlorostachys, Willd. On Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

328. paniculatus, Lin. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

329. blitoides, Wats. Waste places at Detroit. Common.

330. Graecizans, Lin. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

331. deflexus, Lin. Ballast grounds at Detroit. Rare.

102. ACNIDA, Lin.

332. tamariscina (Nutt.) Wood., var. prostata, Uline & Bray. Sandy

shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 30. PHYTOLACCACE^. Pokeweed Family.

103. PHYTOLACCA, Lin.

333. Americana, Lin. P. decandra L. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 31. AIZOACEiE. Carpetweed Family.

104. MOLLUGO, Lin.

334. verticillata, Lin. Waste grounds at Detroit. Frequent.

FAMILY 32. PORTULACACE.E. Purslane Family.

105. CLAYTONIA, Lin.

335. Virginica, Lin. Spring Beauty. Belle Isle woods, etc. Common.

lOG. PORTULACA, Lin.

336. oleracea, Lin. Pussley. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

337. grandi flora. Hook. Sun-plant. Waste grounds, etc., at Detroit. Rare.

FAMILY 33. CARYOPHYLLACE.E. Pink Family.

107. AGROSTEMMA, Lin.

338. Githago, Lin. Corn Cockle. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle. Common.

108. SILENE, Lin.

339. antirrhina, Lin. Catchfly. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

340. noctiflora, Lin. With the last. Frequent.

109. LYCHNIS, Lin.

341. alba. Mill. Campion. East shore of Belle Isle. Common.

110. SAPONARIA, Lin.

342. officinalis, Lin. Bouncing Bet. Soapwort. Waste places at Detroit.

Rare.

111. VACCARIA, Lin.

343. Vaccaria (Lin.) Britt. Corn-herb. On ballast grounds at Detroit.

Frequent.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 47

112. DIANTHUS, Lin.

344. barbatus, Lin. Sweet William. Xorthern grassy shores of Belle

Isle. Frequent.

345. Armeria, Lin. Deptford Pink. Near the water works. Frequent.

113. STELLARIA, Lin.

346. media (Lin.) Cyr. Chickweed. Roadsides on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

347. longifolia, Muhl. Stitchwort. Low grassy places, Belle Isle, etc.

Frequent.

114. CERASTIUM, Lin.

348. viscosum, Lin. Mouse-eared Chickweed. Belle Isle. Rare.

349. vulgatum, Lin. With the last, but common.

350. oblongifolium, Torr. Sandy shores on Belle Isle. Common.

115. ARENARIA, Lin.

351. serpyllifolium, Lin. Sandwort. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

116. MCEHRINGIA, Lin.

352. lateriflora (Lin.) Fenzl. Sandwort. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

Order 16. Ranales.
FAMILY 34. NYMPH.EACE.E. Waterlily Family.

117. NYMPH.EA, Lin.

353. advena. Ait. Yellow Pond Lily. Common in canals on Belle Isle.

118. NELUMBO, Adans.

354. lutea (Willd.) Pers. American Lotus. In River Rouge at Detroit,
Rare.

FAMILY 35. RANUNCULACE^. Crowfoot Family.

119. HELLEBORUS, Lin.

355. viridis, Lin. Hellebore. Sandy shores on Belle Isle. Rare.

120. ISOPYRUM, Lin.

356. biternatum (Raf. ) T. & G. False Rue, Anemone. Belle Isle woods.

Rare.

121. NIGELLA, Lin.

357. Damascena, Lin. Fennel Flower. In waste places, etc., at Detroit.

Rare.

122. ACT.EA, Lin.

358. rubra (Ait.) Willd. Baneberry. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

359. alba (Lin.) Mill. With the last, but rare.

123. AQUILEGIA, Lin.

360. Canadensis, Lin. Wild Columbine. Near Palmer Park. Common.

124. DELPHINIUM. Lin.

361. Consolida, Lin. Larkspur.

362. Ajacis, Lin.

These two species of Larkspur have escaped from cultivation and are
occasionally found on waste grounds, etc.

125. ANEMONE, Lin. Wind-flower.

363. cylindrica, A. Gr. Near Linden Park. Common.

364. Virginiana, Lin. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

365. Canadensis, Lin. With the last, but more common.

366. quinquefolia, Lin. In open woods on Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

48 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

126. HEPATICA. Scop.

367. acuta (Ph.) Britt. Liverwort. In open woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

127. SYNDESilOX, Hoffmseg.

368. thalictroides (Lin.) Hoffmseg. Rue- Anemone. With the last. Rare.

128. RAXL'XCULUS. Lin.

369. divaricatus, Schrank. Water Crowfoot. Detroit River. Frequent.

370. delphinifolius. Torr., var. terrestris (A. Gr.)

R. multifidus var. terrestris A. Gr. Man. Ed. 5, 41: 1867. Marshy
giounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

371. reptans. Lin., var. intermedins (Hk.) T. & G. Spearwort. Grassy

shores on Belle Isle. Common.

372. abortivus, Lin. Crowfoot. At Linden Park. Common.

373. sceleratus, Lin. In moist ditches on Belle Isle. Common.

374. recurvatus, Poir. In moist woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

375. acris, Lin. Linden Park. Rare.

376. Pennsylvanicus, Lin. f. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

377. septentrionalis, Poir. Belle Isle woods. Common.

129. THALICTRUM, Lin.

378. dioicum, Lin. Meadow-Rue. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Common.

379. puri^urascens, Lin. With the last. Common.

FAillLY 36. BERBERIDACE.E. Barberry Family.

130. BERBERIS, Lin.

380. vulgaris, Lin. Barberry. Vacant lots, etc. Rare.

131. JEFFERSOXIA, Bart.

381. diphylla (Lin.) Pers. Twin-Leaf. Belle Isle woods. Rare.

132. PODOPHYLLUM. Lin.

382. peltatum, Lin. Mandrake. Belle Isle woods. Common.

FAiOLY 37. MEXISPER:\L\CE.E. Moonseed Family.

133. ]VIEXISPERML:M. Lin.

383. Canadense, Lin. Moonseed. Climbing over shrubbery on Belle Isle.

Frequent.

FA]\IILY 38. :MAGX0LIACE.E. :Magnolia Family.

134. LIRIODEXDROX, Lin. Tulip Tree.

384. Tulipifera, Lin. Whitewood, Yellow Poplar. Palmer Park and

Linden Park. Rare.

FAillLY 39. LALTRACE^. Laurel Family.

135. SASSAFRAS. Xess. & Eberm.

385. Sassafras (Lin.) Karst. At Linden Park. Frequent.

136. BEXZOIX, Fabric.

386. Benzoin (Lin.) Coulter. Belle Isle woods. Rare.

Order 17. Papaa'erales.
FAMILY 40. FUMARIACE.E. Fumitory Family.

137. CUCLTLLARIA, Juss. Ex. Lin. Sp. PI. 699: 1753.

387. Cucullaria (Lin.) Fumaria CucuUaria Un. Sj). V\. m9: 1753. Dutch-

man's Breeches. Linnseus, 1. c, quotes "Cucullaria, Juss." as a
synonym of this plant. It thus antedates Bikukulla, Adans by ten
years. Moist open woods on Belle Isle. Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 49

FAMILY 41. CRUCIFER.^. Mustard Family.

138. LEPIDIUM, Lin.

388. campestre. Lin. Cress. On waste places on Belle Isle, etc. Rare.

389. Virginicuni, Linn. Peppergrass. Roadsides on Belle Isle, etc. Fre-

quent.

390. apetalum, Willd. With the last, but more com m on.

139. COCHLEARIA, Lin.

391. Armoraeia, Lin. Horseradish. Waste places at Detroit. Frequent.

140. SISYMBFvIUM. Lin.

392. officinale (Lin.) Scop. Hedge Mustard. Waste places on Belle Isle,

etc. Common.

141. SIXAPIS. Lin.

393. alba. Lin. White Mustard. Ballast grounds on Belle Isle and main-

land. Common.

142. BRASSICA. Lin. Turnip, Rutabaga, etc.

394. nigra (Lin.) Koch. Black Mustard. Belle Isle. Rare.

395. juncea (Lin.) Cosson. India Mustard. On Belle Isle. Common.

396. arvensis (Lin.) B. S. P. Charlock. Belle Isle. Common.

397. campestris Lin. Turnip. On ballast grounds at Detroit. Frequent.

143. DIPLOTAXYS. DC.

398. muralis (Lin.) DC. On ballast grounds at Detroit. Common.

144. RAPHAXUS. Lin. Radish.

399. Pvaphanistrum, Lin. White Charlock. On ballast ground at Detroit.

Rare.

145. BARBAREA. Ait. f.

400. stricta, Andrz. Winter Cress. X'ear Palmer Park. Rare.

146. RORIPA. Scop.

401. sylvestris (Lin.) Bess. Water Cress. Ditches and roadsides at

Detroit. Common.

402. palustris (Liu.) Bess. Moist grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

403. hispida (Desv.) Britt. With the last. Common.

147. CARDA]SIIXE. Lin.

404. hirsuta. Lin. Bitter Cress. Moist places on Belle Isle. Rare.

405. Pennsylvanica, Muhl. Moist places on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Common.

406. purpurea (Torr.) Britt. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Common.

407. bulbosa (Screb.) B. S. P. At Linden Park. Frequent.

148. DEX^TARIA, Lin. Pepper-root.

408. laciniata, Muhl. Toothwort. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Common.

149. Bursa, Weber. Shepherd's Purse.

409. Bursa-Pastoris (Lin.) Britt. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle, etc.

Common.

150. CA]MELIXA. Crantz.

410. sativa (Lin.) Crantz. False Flax. Waste places on Belle Isle. etc.

Frequent.

151. SOPHIA, Adans. Tansv Mustard.

411. pinnata (Walt.) Britt.. var. braehycarpa (Richards.) Stsyw-

brium brachi/carpon Richards. Frank. .Journ. 744:1823. Leaves
stems, and inflorescence sparsely glandular, otherwise glabrous:
pods uni- or bi-seriate even on the same plant. Intermediate be-
tween S. pinnata and S. incisa. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

50 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

152. ARABIS, Lin.

412. Canadensis, Lin. Sickle-pod. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

413. glabra (Lin.) Bernh. Tower Mustard. Unimproved property at

Detroit. Frequent.

153. ERYSIMUM, Lin.

414. cheiranthoides, Lin. Treackle Mustard. Roadsides on Belle Isle.

Frequent.

154. ALYSSUM. Lin.

415. alyssoides (Lin.) Gouan. Sweet alyssum. On the southeast shore

of Belle Isle where it is quite frequent.

155. KOXIGA, Adans.

411). maritima (Lin.) R. Br. Waste place at Detroit. Frequent.

156. HESPERIS, Lin. ,

417. matronalis, Lin. Dame's Rocket. With the last. Frequent.

FAMILY 42. CAPPARIDACE-E. Caper Family.

157. CLEOME, Lin.

418. spinosa, Lin. Spider-flower. Waste grounds at Detroit. Rare.

158. POLANISIA. Raf.

419. graveolens, Raf. Sandy places on Belle Isle. Frequent.

FAMILY 43. RESEDACE.E. Mignonette Family.

159. RESEDA. Lin.

420. alba, Lin. On ballast grounds at Detroit. Rare.

Order 18. Rosales.

FAMILY 44. CRASSULACE-E. Orpine Family.

160. PENTHORUM, Lin.

421. sedoides, Lin. Ditch Stone-crop. Ditches, etc., Belle Isle. Common.

FAMILY 45. SAXIFRAGACE.E. Saxifrage Family.

161. HEUCHERA. Lin.

422. Americana, Lin. Alum-root. Dry woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

162. MITELLA. Lin. Mitrewort.

423. diphylla, Lin. Bishop's Cap. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

163. RIBES, Lin. Gooseberry, Currant.

424. Cynosbati, Lin. Wild Gooseberry, Dogberry.

425. floridum, L'Her. Wild Black Currant. Both species are common in

woods on Belle Isle.

FAMILY 46. HAMAMELIDACE.E. Witch Hazel Family.

164. HAMAIMELIS. Lin.

426. Virginiana. Lin. Witch Hazel. Frequent in sparsely wooded places

at Detroit.

FAMILY 47. ROSACE.E. Rose Family.

165. SPIR.^A, Lin. Meadow Sweet.

427. salicifolia, Lin. Quaker Lady. Moist grounds on Belle Isle.

428. tomentosa, Lin. Hardback. Near Linden Park. Rare.

166. PORTERANTHUS, Britt.

429. stipulatus (Muhl.) Britt. American Ipecac. Belle Isle. Rare.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 51

1G7. RUBUS, Lin. Blackberry, Easpberry.

430. odoratus, Lin. Near Linden Park. Rare.

43L strigosus, Mx. Red Raspberry. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

4.32. neglectus, Peck. Dry woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

433. occidentalis, Lin. Black Raspberry. With the last two species. Com-

mon.

434. Americanus (Pers.) 0. A. F. Dwarf Raspberry. Low grounds at

upper end of Belle Isle. Common.
43.5. villosus. Ait. Blackberry. Dry grounds at Linden Park. Frequent.
430. hispidus, Lin. Low grounds at Linden Park. Frequent.

437. Baileyanus, Britt. Dry woods at upper end of Belle Isle. Common.

438. Canadensis, Lin. Dewberry. At Linden Park. Frequent,

168. FRAGARIA, Lin. Strawberry.

439. Virginiana, Duchesne. In dry grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

169. POTENTILLA, Lin.

440. argentea. Lin. Hoary Cinquefoil. Dry grounds at Linden Park. Rare.

441. Monspeliensis, Lin. ' Dry soils and waste places at Linden Park.

Common.

442. var. Norvegica (Lin.) 0. A. F. Moist places on Belle Isle.
Common. The tj-pe is the low, simple form of wet, grassy, meadows;
the lower leaflet's being broadly ovate or nearly round. The var. is
the larger, coarser branched plant of drier situations: the leaflets
are oblong-obovate or oblong-lanceolate.

443. Anserina, Lin. Silver-weed. Low moist shores of Belle Isle. Common.

444. Canadensis, Lin. Five-finger. Dry soils on Belle Isle. Frequent.

445. var. pumila (Poir.) Lehm. Sunburnt fields at Linden Park. Fre-
quent.

446. var. simplex (Mx.) T. & G. Moist grounds on Belle Isle. Fre-
quent.

170. GEUM, Lin.

447. vernum (Raf.) T. & G. Spring Avens. Belle Isle woods. Common.

448. Canadense, .lacq. White Avens. Belle Isle woods. Common.

449. Yirginianura, Lin. Rough Avens. Frequent on upper end of Belle

Isle.
4.50. strictum. Ait. Yellow Avens. Moist grounds at Linden Park. Fre-
quent.

171. AGRIMONIA, Lin. Agrimony.

451. hirsuta (Muhl.) Bicknell.

452. mollis (T. & G.) Britton.

453. parA-iflora, Ait. All common in moist or dry woods on Belle Isle.

172. Rosa, Lin.

454. setigera, Mx. Prairie Rose.

455. blanda. Ait. Meadow Rose.

456. Carolina, Lin. Swamp Rose.

457. humilis, Marsh. Pasture Rose. All more or less frequent on banks,

etc., on Belle Isle; the prairie rose is very common in moist woods.

173. MALUS, Mill. Apple.

458. coronaria (Lin.) Mill. Crab Appple. Belle Isle woods, etc. Common.

174. ARONIA. Medic. Choke Cherry.

459. arbutifolia (Lin.) Medic. Belle Isle thickets. Rare.

460. nigra (Willd.) Britton. At Linden Park. Rare.

175. AMELANCHIER, Medic.

461. Canadensis (Lin.) Medic.

462. Botryapium (Lin. f.) DC. Known as Shad-bush, Sugar-plum, Sugar-

pear. May-cherry. .June-berry, service-berry, Both species are
found on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

^

52 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

176. CRATAEGUS, Lin. Haw; Thorn Apple.

463. Crus-Galli, Lin. Belle Isle thickets, etc. Common.

464. punctata, Jacq. With the preceding. Frequent.

465. coceinea, Lin. Thickets on Belle Isle. Frequent.

466. macracantha, Lodd. With the last. Rare.

467. mollis (T. & G. ) Sclieele. Thickets on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

468. tomentosa, Lin. With the last. Common.

177. PRUNUS, Lin. Plums and Cherries.

469. Americana, Marsh. Plum. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

470. Pennsylvanica, Lin. f. Cherry. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

471. Virginiana, Lin. Choke Cherry. Belle Isle thickets. Rare.

472. serotina, Ehrh. Black Cherry. Near Linden Park. Rare.

FAMILY 48. LEGUMINOS^. Pea Family.

178. BAPTISIA, Vent.

473. tinctoria (Lin.) R. Br. Wild Indigo.

474. leucantha, T. & G. These species of Wild Indigo are found near

Linden Park; the first is rather common; the latter rare.

179. CROTALARIA, Lin.

475. sagittalis, Lin. Rattle-box. Near Linden Park. Rare.

180. LUPINUS, Lin.

476. perennis, Lin. Wild Lupine, Frequent near Palmer Park.

477. polycarpus, Greene. A Pacific Coast species. A waif of ballast

grounds at Detroit.

181. MEDICAGO, Lin.

478. sativa, Lin. Alfalfa, Lucerne. Ballast grounds. Rare.

479. lupulina, Lin. Black Medic. Nonesuch. Waste places on Belle Isle,

etc. Common.

480. denticulata, Willd. Ballast grounds. Rare.

182. MELILOTUS, Lam. Sweet Clover.

481. alba, Desv. White Melilot. Waste grounds. Common.

482. Melilotus-ofiicinalis (Lin.) Trifolium Melilotis-officinalis Lin. Sp. PI.

765:1753. Yellow Melilot. With the last; also on Belle Isle.
Common.

183. TRIFOLIUM, Lin. Clover.

483. agrarium, Lin. Hop Clover. Near Linden Park. Rare.

484. pratense, Lin. Red Clover. Grassy places on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

485. hybridum, Lin. Alsike Clover. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

486. repens, Lin. White Clover. Grassy places on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

487. furcatum, Lindl.

488. depauperatum, Desv. The last two species are waifs from the Pacific

Coast.

184. AMORPHA, Lin.

489. canescens, Pursli. Shoe Strings, Lead Plant. Near old race-course.

Rare.

185. ROBINIA, Lin.

490. viscosa. Vent. Locust. Detroit. Rare.

186. ASTRAGALUS, Lin.

491. Carolinianus, Lin. Milk Vetch. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

187. MEIBOMIA. Fabric. Tick-trefoil.

492. grandiflora (Walt.) 0. K.

493. paniculata (Lin.) 0. K.

494. Dillenii (Darl.) 0. K.

495. Canadense (Lin.) O. K. All these species of Tick-trefoil, except the

last, which is scarce, are common in the woods on Belle Isle.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 53

188. LESPEDEZA. Mx. Bush-Clover.

496. friitesoens (Lin.) Britton.

497. hirta (Lin.) Ell.

498. capitata, Mx. Near Linden Park the Bush Clovers are common, ex-

cept the first, whicli is scarce.

189. VICIA, Lin. Vetch or Tare.

499. Cracca, Lin. Linden Park. Bare.

500. sativa, Lin. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Rare.

190. LATHYRUS, Lin. Pea.

501. palustris, Lin. Dry woods on Belle Isle. Common.

502. myrtifolius, Muhl. With the preceding, but scarce.

191. FALCATA, Gmel.

503. comosa (Lin.) 0. K. Moist thickets on Belle Isle. Common.

192. PHASEOLUS, Lin. Bean.

504. polystachyus (Lin.) B. S. P. Thickets on Belle Isle. Rare.

505. vulgaris, Lin., var. nana (Lin.) Steud. On ballast grounds and

waste places. Rare.

193. STROPHOSTYLES, Ell.

506. helvola (Lin.) Britt. In sandy places on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Frequent.

194. GYMNOCLADUS, Lam. Kentucky Coffee-tree.

507. dioica (Lin.) Koch. Belle Isle thickets. Rare.

195. GLEDITSIA, Lin.

508. triacanthos, Lin. Honey Locust. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

Order 19. Geraniales.

FAMILY 49. GERANIACE.E.

196. GERANIUM, Lin.

509. maculatum, Lin. Common in moist woods on Belle Isle.

510. Carolinianum, Lin. Frequent in shady places on Belle Isle, etc.

511. Bicknellii, Britton. With the preceding, but more common.

FAMILY^ 50. OXALIDACE.E. Wood Sorrel Family.

197. OXALIS, Lin.

512. stricta, Lin. 0. cijmosa Small. Wood-sorrel. Borders of woods on

Belle Isle. Common.

FAMILY 51. LINACE.F. Flax Family.

198. LINUM, Lin.

513. usitatissimum, Lin. Flax. Sandy places on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Frequent.

514. humile, Mill. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 52. RUTACE.E. Rue Family.

199. ZANTHOXY-LUM, Lin.

515. Americanum, Mill. Prickley Ash. Thickets on Belle Isle. Common.

FAMILY^ 53. SIMARUBACE.E. Ailanthus Family.

200. AILANTHUS, Desf.

516. glandulosa, Desf. Tree-of-Heaven. Detroit. Frequent.

54 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

FAJMILY 54. POLYGALACEiE. Milkwort Family.

201. POLYGALA, Lin. Milkwort.

517. verticillata, Lin. Grassy fields. Frequent.

518. viridescens, Lin. Near Linden Park. Scarce.

510. var. sanguinea (Lin.) P. sanguinca Lin. Sp. PI. 705: 1753. The

type has the flowers greenish or white; the variety has the flowers
rose-purple and is the common form.

FAMILY 55. EUPHORBIACE.E. Spurge Family.

202. ACALYPHA, Lin.

520. Virginica, Lin. In thickets on Belle Isle. Common.

• 203. RICINUS, Lin.

521. communis, Lin. Castor-plant. In waste places. Rare.

204. EUPHORBIA, Lin.

522. maculata, Lin. Sandy places. Common on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

523. hirsuta (Torry) Wiegand. Sandy or grassy places near Palmer Park,

Belle Isle, etc. Rare.

524. nutans, Lag. Waste places. Frequent.

525. corollata, Lin. Flowering Spurge. Linden Park. Common.

526. marginata. Ph. Snow-on-the-Mountain. Waste places. Frequent.

527. obtusata. Ph. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

528. platyphylla, Lin. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

529. Helioscopia, Lin. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

Ordeb 20. Sapindales.

FAJVIILY 56. AXACARDIACE-E. Sumach Family.

205. RHUS, Lin. Sumach.

530. copallina. Lin. Dwarf or Mountain Sumach. Near Linden Park.

Common.

531. hirta (Lin.) Sudw. Belle Isle. Frequent in thickets.

532. glabra, Lin. Scarlet Sumach. In dry woods on Belle Isle. Common.

533. radieans, Lin. Poison Oak. Climbing trees by radicles. Belle Isle.

Common.

534. var. pubescens (Mill.)

Toxicodendron pubescens Mill. Diet. No. 2: 1868. Rhus Toxico-
dendron var. qucrcifolium Mx. Fl. Bor. Am. I. 183: 1803. This is
a low shrub with extensively creeping under-ground stems which
send up branches rarely over a foot in height; never climbing;
leaflets oval, acute or acuminate and with a broadly or narrowly
cuneate base; deeply 3 to 5 (generally 3) incisely-lobed, often-
times with one margin entire ; lobes ovate, acute or acuminate,
margins entire.

FAMILY 57. AQUIFOLIACE.'E. Holly Family.

206. ILEX, Lin.

535. verticillata (Lin.) A. Gr. Black Alder. Moist woods on Belle Isle.

Common.

FAMILY 58. CELASTRACEzE. Staff-tree Family.

207. EUONYMUS, Lin.

536. obovatus, Nutt. Strawberry bush. Moist thickets on Belle Isle. Rare.

537. atropurpureus, Jacq. Wahoo. Belle Isle woods. Common.

208. CELASTRUS, Lin.

538. bullatus. Lin. C. scandens L. Climbing over shrubs on Belle Isle.

Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 55

FAMILY 59. ACERACE.E. Maple Family.

209. ACER, Lin.

539. saccharium, Lin. Silver maple. Low grounds. Rare.

540. rubrum, Lin. Red Maple. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

FAMILY 60. BALSAMIXACE.E. Jewel-weed Family.

210. IMPATIEXS, Lin.

541. biHora, Walt. Toiiclihme-not. Moist grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

Order 21. Rham>"ales.

FAMILY 61. RHAMNACE.E. Buckthorn Family.

211. CEANOTHUS, Lin.

542. Americanus, Lin. New Jersey Tea. Linden Park. Common.

FAMILY 62. VITACE.E. Grape Family.

212. VITIS, Lin.

543. \iilpina. Lin. Riverside Grape. Common on Belle Isle.

213. PARTHEXOCISSUS, Planch.

544. quinquefolia (Lin.) Planch., var. lacinata. Planch. P. vitacea, (Knerr.)

A. S. Hitchcock. Internodes of the stem and branches 2'-4' long ;
leaves glabrous, or sparcely short-pubescent ; tendrils mostly without
terminal adhering disks ; aerial roots none. Moist grounds on Belle
Isle. Frequent.

545. var. hirsuta (Donn.) T. & G. Ex. Planch. Aerial roots numerous :
high-climbing: internodes of the stem and branches ^ to % inch
long ; leaves pubescent on both sides, and pilose on the mid-vein
underneath; tendrils none. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

Order 22. Malvales.
FAMILY 63. TILIACE.E. Linden Family.

214. TILIA, Lin.

546. Americana, Lin. Basswood. Moist woods Belle Isle. Frequent.

FAMILY 64. MALVACE.E. Mallow Family.

215. ALTH.F:A, Lin.

547. officinalis, Lin. Marshmallow. In waste places, etc. Frequent.

216. MALVA. Lin.

548. rotundifolia, Lin. Mallow. Roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle and else-

where. Common.

549. crispa, Lin. Waste places, etc. Common.

217. ABUTILOX. Gsertn.

550. Abutilon (Lin.) Rusby. Indian Mallow. Waste places, etc. Common.

218. HIBISCUS, Lin.

551. Trionum, Lin. Venice Mallow. With the last. Frequent.

Order 23. Pakietales.

FAMILY 65. HYPERICACE^. St. Johns-Wort Family.

219. ASCYROX. Lin.

552. hypericoides, Lin. St. Andrew's Cross. Woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

56 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

220. HYPERICUM, Lin. St. John's-Wort.

553. prolilicum, Lin. Sandy borders of woods on Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Frequent.

554. perforatum, Lin. Waste i^laces, Belle Isle, etc. Common.

555. maculatum, Walt., var. corymbosum (Muhl.)

H. corymbosum, Muhl. Ex. Willd. Sp. PI. 3. 1457: 1803. Differing
from the type in having less clasping leaves and styles only one-
half as long (about equalling the length of the pod). Woods on
Belle Isle. Common.

556. uiutilum, Lin. Linden Park. Common.

557. niajus (A. Gr.) Britt. Near Palmer Park. Rare.

558. Canadense, Lin. Low grassy places. Frequent.

FAMILY 60. CISTACE.E. Rock Rose Family.

221. HELIANTHEMUM, ]\Lx.

559. majus (Lin.) B. S. P. Frostweed. Near Palmer Park, etc. Common.

560. Canadense (Lin.) Mx. Linden Park. Rare.

222. LECHEA, Lin.

561. villosa. Ell. Pinweed. Linden Park. Common.

FAMILY 67. VIOLACE.E. Violet Family.

223. VIOLA, Lin. Violet, Pansy.

562. obliqua, Hill. Low grounds on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

563. sororia, Willd. Rich woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

564. ovata, Nutt. Belle Isle and near Palmer Park. Frequent.

505. emarginata (Nutt.) Le Conte. Near Palmer Park and Linden Park.
Rare.

566. blanda, Willd. Shores of Belle Isle. Frequent.

567. var. amcena (Le C.) B. S. P. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

568. lanceolata, Lin. Woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

569. pubescens. Ait. Dry woods on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

570. var. eriocarpa (Schw.) Nutt. With the species. Common.

571. Canadensis, Lin. Woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

572. Labradorica, Schrank. Common in moist grounds on Belle Isle, etc.

573. rostrata. Ph. Rich woods near Palmer Park. Rare.

574. tricolor, Lin. Pansy. Waste places. Frequent.

575. tenella, Muhl. With V. tricolor, but rare.

Order 24. Mytrales.
FAMILY 68. LYTHRACE.E. Loosestrife Family.

224. LYTHRUM, Lin.

576. alatum, Lin. Loosestrife. Low grounds, Belle Isle and elsewhere.

Common.

225. DECODON, J. F. Gmel.

577. verticillatus (Lin.) Ell. Swamp Loosestrife. Near water works.

Frequent.

FAMILY 00. ONAGRACE.E. Evening Primrose Family.

226. ISNARDIA, Lin.

578. palustris, Lin. Marsh Purslane. Common near Palmer Park.

227. LUDWIGIA, Lin.

579. polycarpa. Short and Peter. Frequent at Linden Park.

228. EPILOBIUM. Lin.

580. spicatum, Lam. Fireweed. Dry grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

581. coloratum. Muhl. Willow Herb. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

582. adenocaulon, Haussk. With the preceding. Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 57

229. CENOTHERA, Lin.

583. biennis, Lin. Evening Primrose. Shores of Belle Isle. Common.

584. laciniata, Hill. Waste places. Rare.

230. GAURA, Lin.

585. biennis, Lin. Near Linden Park. Common.

231. CIRC.EA, Lin.

586. Lutetiana, Lin. Enchanter's Nightshade. Belle Isle woods. Common.

FAMILY 70. HALORAGIDACE.E. Water Milfoil Family.

232. MYRIOPHYLLUM, Lin.

587. verticillatum, Lin. Belle Isle canals. Frequent.

Okder 25. Umbellales.
FAMILY 71. ARALIACE.E. Ginseng Family.

233. ARALIA, Lin.

588. spinosa, Lin. Hercules Club. Rare.

589. racemosa, Lin. SjDikenard. Belle Isle woods. Pare.

234. PANAX, Lin.

590. trifolium, Lin. Ginseng, Ground Nut. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

FAMILY 72. UMBELLIFER.F. Carrot Family.

235. CORIANDRUM, Lin.

591. sativum, Lin. Coriander. Waste places. Rare.

236. PASTINACA, Lin.

592. sativa, Lin. Parsnip. On Belle Isle. Common.

237. THA8PIUM, Nutt.

593. trifoliatum (L. ) Britt., var. aurem (Nutt.) Britt. Golden Alexander.

Belle Isle woods. Common.

238. SANICULA, Lin.

594. Marylandica. Lin. Black Snakeroot. At Linden Park. Rare.

595. gregaria, Bicknell. Belle Isle woods. Common.

596. Canadensis, Lin. Belle Isle woods. Frequent.

239. FCENICULUM, Adans.

597. Foeniculum (L.) Karst. Fennel. Waste places and on Belle Isle

Frequent.

240. PIMPINELLA, Lin.

598. Anisum, Lin. Anise. On ballast grounds, etc. Rare.

599. integerrima (L.) A. Gr. Belle Isle woods. Common.

241. WASHINGTONIA, Raf.

600. Clavtonia (Mx.) Britt. Sweet Cicely.

601. longistylis (Torr.) Britt.

Both are common in woods on Belle Isle.

242. CONIUM. Lin.

602. maculatuni, Lin. Poison Hemlock. Waste places. Frequent.

243. SIUM, Lin.

603. cicutfefolium Gmel. W^ater Parsnip. Low shores on Belle Isle.

Frequent.

58 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

244. ZIZIA, Koch.

604. aiirea (Lin.) Koch. Golden Meadow Parsnip. Belle Isle woods.

Common.

245. CARUM, Lin.

605. Copticum (L.) B. & Hk. f. Ajowan. Ballast grounds, etc. Rare.

606. Carui, Lin. Caraway. Near Linden Park. Rare.

246. CICUTA, Lin.

607. maculata, Lin. Water Hemlock. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

608. bulbifera, Lin. Shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

Both species of Water Hemlock are poisonous and produce death
when eaten.

247. DERINGA, Adans.

609. Canadensis (L. ) 0. K. Honewort. Belle Isle woods. Common.

FAMILY 73. CORNACE.E. Dogwood Family.

248. CORNUS, Lin.

610. florida, Lin. Flowering Dogwood. Palmer Park. Common.

611. asperifolia, Mx. Common on Belle Isle.

612. candidissima, Mill. Common on Belle Isle.

SERIES 2. GAMOPETAL.-E.
Order 26. Ericales.

FAMILY 74. PYROLACE.E. Wintergreen Family.

249. PYROLA, Lin.

613. elliptica, Nutt.

614. rotundifolia, Lin. Both species near Linden Park. Rare.

FAMILY 75. ERICACE/E. Huckleberry Family.

250. GAYLUSSACIA, H. B. K.

015. resinosa (Ait.) T. & G. Huckleberry. Near Linden Park. Rare.

251. VACCINIUM, Lin.

616. corymbosom, L., var. amoenum (Ait.) A. Gr. Blueberry. With the

preceding. Rare.

617. Pennsylvanicum, Lin. Near Palmer Park. Common.

618. vacillans, Kalm. Near Linden Park. Common.

Order 27. Primulales.
FAMILY 76. PRIMULACE.E. Primrose Family.

252. LYSIMACHIA, Lin.

619. quadrifolia, Lin. Loosestrife. Belle Isle thickets. Rare.

253. STEIRONEMA, Raf.

620. ciliatum (Lin.) Raf. Loosestrife. Belle Isle woods. Common.

621. lanceolatuni (Walt.) A. Gr. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

622. quadriflorum (Sims.) Hitchc. With the last. Common.

254. NAUMBURGIA, Moench. Loosestrife.

623. thyrsifolia (L.) Duby. Swampy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

255. DODECATHEON, Lin.

624. Meadia, Lin. American Cowslip. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 59

Okder 28. Gentiaxales.
FAMILY 77. OLEACE.F. Olive Family..

256. FRAXINUS, Lin.

625. Americana, Lin. White Ash. In woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

626. Pennsylvanica, Marsh. Red Ash.

627. nigra, Marsh. Black Ash.

More or less common on Belle Isle.

FAMILY 78. GENTIANACE.E. Gentian Family.

257. GENTIANA, Lin.

628. crinita, Froel. Gentian. Near Linden Park. Rare.

629. alba, Muhl. G. Andreifsii f. alhiflora Britt. In moist places and

borders of woods on Belle Isle. Frequent.

630. Andrewsii, Griseb. With the preceding, but more common.

FAMILY 79. APOCYNACE.E. Dogbane Family.

258. APOCYNUM, Lin. Dogbane.

631. androstemifolium, Lin. Bitter-root.

632. var. incanura, A. DC.

633. cannabinum, Lin. Canadian Hemp.

634. var. glaberrimum, A. DC.

635. var. hypericifolium (Ait.) A. Gr.

636. var. pubescens (R. Br.) A. DC. All the various forms of Apocy-
mum occur in moist or dry places, in thickets, on banks of streams,
in sand or in hard dry clay. The bitter-root and its variety occur
near Palmer Park ; the type has the leaves smooth or nearly so under-
neath, but in the variety they are canescent. The Canadian Hemp
and its first named variety are frequent on Belle Isle, and the other
varieties near Linden Park.

FAMILY 80. ASCLEPIADACE.F. Milkweed Family.

259. ASCLEPIAS, Lin. Milkweeds.

637. tuberosa, Lin. Pleurisy-root. Copses at Linden Park. Rare.

638. purpurascens, Lin. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

639. incarnata, Lin. Lo^v grounds on Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

640. exaltata, Lin. A. phytolaccoides Ph. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Rare.

641. Syriaca, Lin. Fields on Belle Isle. Common.

OeDER 29. POLEMONIALES.

FAMILY 81. CONVOLVULACE-F. Morning Glory.

260. IPOMCEA, Lin.

642. purpurea (Lin.) Roth. Morning Glory. Waste places. Frequent.

261. CONVOLVULUS, Lin.

643. arvensis, Lin. Small Bindweed. Waste places. Frequent.

262. VOLVULUS, Medic.

644. sepium (L.) Medic. Near Palmer Park. Rare.

645. var. Americanus (Sims.) Convolvulus sepium Lin. var. Ameri-
c«H«s Sims, Bot. Mag. T. 732: 1804. On Belle Isle. Common.

646. hederaceus (Wall.) O. K., var. pubescens (Lindl.) Calt/stegia pubes-

cens Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. 1, 70: 1846. A double-flowered variety
of the East Indian V. hederaceus that has escaped from cultivation
to waste places. The flower is composed of innumerable separate
petals instead of a series of gamopetalous corollas. At a distance
looks very much like a carnation.

60 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

2C3. CUSCUTA, Lin. Dodder.

647. Americana, Lin. C. Gronovii Willd. On Epilobii, Polygonii, etc., on

Belle Isle. Common. The Linnean C. Americana was primarily
founded upon the Gronovian plant and its habitat given as Virginia.
The West Indian and South American plant was eliminated in 181S
by H. B. K. in Nova Genera et Species, etc., Vol. 3, 122, and described
under the name of C. graveolens, under which name it should be
known, allowing C. Americana to stand for the plant to which
Linneaus intended it to apply.

FAMILY 82. POLEMOXIACE.E. Phlox Family.

204. PHLOX, Lin.

648. divaricata, Lin. Xear Palmer Park. Common.

649. subulata, Lin. Sandy shores of Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 83. HYDROPHYLLACE.E. Water-leaf Family.

20.5. HYDROPHYLLUM, Lin.

650. Canadense, Lin. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

FAMILY 84. BORRAGINACE.E. Borage Family.

266. CYNOGLOSSUM, Lin.

651. officinalis, Lin. Hounds-tongue. Vicinity of Linden Park. Rare.

267. LAPPULA, Moench. Burseed.

652. Lappula (Lin.) Karst. Waste places. Common.

653. Virginiana (Lin.) Greene. Belle Isle thickets. Common.

208. PNEUMARIA, Hill. Lungwort.

654. Virginica (Lin.) Hill. Bluebells. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

269. MYOSOTIS, Lin. Forget-me-not.

655. Virginica (Lin.) B. S. P. Scorpion-grass. Near edges of woods on

Belle Isle. Rare.

270. LITHOSPERMUM, Lin.

656. arvense, Lin. Corn Gromwell. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Frequent.

FAMILY 85. VERBENACE-E. Vervain Family.

271. VERBENA, Lin.

657. officinalis. Lin. VerA-ain. Waste grounds. Rare.

058. urticifolia, Lin. Roadsides near woods on Belle Isle and other places.
Common.

659. hastata, Lin. The type of this species, the common blue vervain or

wild hyssop, has the leaves 3-cleft at the base and is common in fields
and waste places on Belle Isle and other places.

660. var. paniculata (Lam.) T. paniculata Lam. Ency. 8. 548: 1808.
A form having none of the leaves 3-cleft. Equally common in fields-
and waste places.

661. var. oblongifolia, Nutt. F. urticifolia riparia (Raf.) Britt. In
waste places and quite frequent. A form with small flowers and
filiform panicles, but the bluish corollas with purplish tubes and
occasionally 3-cleft leaves proves it to be a form of V. hastata rather
than of V. urticifolia.

661a. angustifolia, Mx. Shore of Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 86. LABIAT.E. Mint Family.

272. TEUCRIUM, Lin.

662. Canadense, Lin. Wood Sage. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle. Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 61

273. SCUTELLAEIA, Lin. Skullcap.

663. lateriflora, Lin.

664. galericulata, Lin. Frequent in low moist or wet grounds on Belle

Isle and elsewhere.

274. MARRUBIUM, Lin.

665. vulgare, Lin. Hoarhound. Waste-grounds. Rare.

275. AGASTACHE, Clayton.

666. nepetoides (Lin.) 0. K. Giant Hyssop. Belle Isle woods. Common.

276. NEPETA, Lin.

667. Cataria, Lin. Catnep. In waste places. Frequent.

277. PRUNELLA, Lin.

668. vulgaris, Lin. Heal-all. Belle Isle woods, etc. Common.

278. LEONURUS, Lin.

669. Cardiaca, Lin. Motherwort. In waste places. Frequent.

279. LAMIUM, Lin.

670. amplexicaule. Lin., var. clandestinum. Keichenb. Henbit, Dead Nettle.

Waste places. Rare.

280. STACHYS, Lin.

671. asper, Mx. Hedge Nettle. Belle Isle woods. Common.

281. MONARDA, Lin.

672. fistulosa, Lin. Wild Bergamot. Near Linden Park. Rare.

673. mollis, Lin. J/, scabra Beck. Borders of woods, etc., on Belle Isle.

Common.

282. BLEPHILIA, Raf.

674. hirsuta (Ph.) Torr. Belle Isle thickets. Common.

283. HEDEOMA, Pers. Pennyroyal.

675. pulegioides (Lin.) Pers. Fields, roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle. Common.

284. CLINOPODIUM. Lin.

676. vulgare, Lin. Wild Basil. Belle Isle thickets. Common.

285. KCELLIA. Moench. Mountain Mhit.

677. Virginiana (Lin.) MacM. Fields on Belle Isle. Common.

286. LYCOPUS, Lin.

678. Virginicus, Lin. Bugleweed. Common in wet soils on Belle Isle.

679. rubellus, Moench. Water Horehound. Frequent on Belle Isle and at

Linden Park.

680. Americanus, Muhl. Belle Isle in low moist grounds. Common.

287. MENTHA, Lin.

681. Canadensis, Lin. Wild Mint. Common on Belle Isle in moist soils.

288. COLLINSONIA, Lin.

682. Canadensis, Lin. Stone-root. Linden Park woods.

FAMILY^ 87. SOLAN ACE^. Potato Family.

289. PHYSALODES, Boehm.

683. Physalodes, (Lin.) Britt. Apple-of-Peru. At Linden Park. Rare.

290. PHY^SALIS. Ground Cherry.

684. Philadelphica, Lam. Frequent on Belle Isle.

685. heterophylla. Nees. Common at Linden Park.

686. var. ambigua (A. Gr.) Rydb. Belle Isle. Rare. jj

62 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

291. SOLAXUM, Lin.

687. nigrum, Lin. Garden Nightshade. Common on Belle Isle, etc., in

waste places.
688., Carolinensc, Lin. Horsenettle. Waste grounds, etc. Frequent.

689. rostratum, Dunal. Bullnettle. With the preceding. Frequent.

690. Dulcamara, Lin. Bitter Sweet. Low grounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

691. tuberosum, Lin. Potato. Waste grounds. Frequent.

292. ATEOPA, Lin.

692. Belladonna, Lin. Belladonna. Ballast and w^aste grounds. Frequent.

293. LYCOPERSICON, Mill. Tomato.

693. Lycopersicum (Lin.) Solanum Lycopersicum Lin. Sp. PI. 185:^1753.

Belle Isle and other places. Common in waste places.

294. LYCIUM, Lin.

694. vulgare (Ait. f. ) Dun. Matrimony Vine. Waste places and fields.

Rare.

295. HYOSCYAMUS, Lin.

695. niger, Lin. Henbane. Waste places. Frequent.

296. DATURA, Lin.

696. Stramonium, Lin. Jimsonweed.

697. Tatula, Lin. Thornapple. Both are common in waste places.

297. PETUNIA, Juss. Petunia.

698. axillaris (Lam.) B. S. P. In waste places. Frequent.

FAMILY 88. SCROPHULARIACE.E. Figwort Family.

298. VERBASCUM, Lin.

699. Thapsus, Lin. Mullein.

700. Blattaria, Lin. Moth Mullein. Both species are common in fields and

waste places on Belle Isle and other places.

299. LINARIA, Mill.

701. Linaria (L.) Karst. Toad Flax. Common in fields and waste places.

300. CH.ENORRHINUM, Lange.

702. minus (L.) Lange. Waste places. Rare.

301. ANTIRRHI>.UM, Lin.

703. majus, Lin. Snapdragon. Ballast grounds. Rare.

302. CHELONE, Lin.

704. glabra, Lin. Snakehead. In moist woods on Belle Isle. Common.

303. PENSTEMON, Ait.

705. hirsutus (Lin.) Willd. Belle Isle thickets. Rare.

304. MIMULUS, Lin.

700. ringens, Lin. Monkey Flower. Marsh grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

305. ILYSANTHES, Raf.

707. gratioloides (Lin.) Bth. False Pimpernell. In moist places on Belle
Isle. Frequent.
• 708. attenuata (Muhl.) Small. Near Linden Park. Rare.

306. VERONICA. Lin.

709. scutellata. Lin. Speedwell. Belle Isle, etc., wet grounds. Common.

710. serpyllifolia. Lin. Roadsides on Belle Isle. Common.

711. peregrina, Lin. Shores of Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

712. Virginica, Lin. Culver's-root. Woods on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 6a

307. GEEARDIA, Lin.

713. teiiuifolia, Vahl. Fields on Belle Isle, etc. Common.

714. forma albiliora, Biitt. At Linden Park. Frequent.

308. CASTILLEJA, Miitis.

715. coccinea (Lin.) Spreng. Indian Paint-brush. Frequent near Palmer

Park.

309. PEDICULAEIS, Lin.

716. Canadensis, Lin. Wood Betonv. Louse Wort. Frequent near Linden

Park.

310. MELAMPYRUM, Lin.

717. lineare, Lam. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

FAMILY 89. MARTYXIACE.E. Unieorn-plant Family.

311. MARTYNIA, Lin.

718. Louisiana, Mill. Unicorn-plant. Waste places. Rare.

FAMILY 90. LEXTIBULARIACE.E. Bladderwort Family.

312. UTRICULARIA, Lin.

719. vulgaris, Lin. In canals on Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY' 91. PHRY'^IACE.E. Lopseed Family.

313. PHRYMA, Lin.

720. Leptostachya, Lin. Lopseed, Common in woods on Belle Isle.

Order 30. Pla>'taginales.
FAMILY 92. PLAXTAGINACE.E. Plantain Family. •

314. PLANTAGO, Lin. Common Plantain.

721. major, Lin. Common Plantain. Roadsides and fields on Belle Isle.

etc. Common. •

722. Rugellii, Dec. Shores of Belle Isle, etc. Common.

723. lanceolata, Lin. Waste places. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

Order 31. Rubiales.
FAMILY 93. RUBIACE.E. Madder Family.

31,5. CEPHALANTHUS, Lin.

724. occidentalis, Lin. Button-bush. Common in swampy places on Belle

Isle, etc.

316. MITCHELLA. Lin.

725. repens, Lin. Patridge Berry. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

317. GALIUM, Lin. Bedstraw.

726. Aparine, Lin.

727. lanceolatura, Torr.

728. circsezans, Mx.

729. triflorum, Lin.

730. tinctorium, Lin.

731. Claytonia, Mx. All the species of Galium, except G. lanceolatum,

Avhich is rare and found only at Linden Park, are more or less com-
mon in woods, fields, etc., on Belle Isle, and also in other place*
that are congenial to these plants.

64 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

rA:^IILY 94. CAPRIFOLIACE-^. Honeysuckle Family.

318. SAMBUCUS, Lin. Elder.

732. Canadensis, Lin. Belle Isle and other places. Common,

733. pubens, Mx. Uith the other species, but rare.

319. VIBURNUM, Lin.

734. cassinoides, Lin. Appalachian Tea. Common near Palmer Park.

735. lentago, Lin. Xannyberry. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

736. prunifoliuni, Lin. Black Haw. Common on Belle Isle.

320. TRIOSTEUM, Lin.

737. perfoliatum, Liu. Feverwort. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

321. LONICERA, Lin. Honeysuckle.

738. glaucescens, Rydb.

739. dioica, Lin. Both species are frequent near Palmer Park.

740. Xylosteum, Lin. An escape from cultivation. Waste places. Rare.

FAMILY 95. DIPSACACE.F. Teasel Family.

322. DIPSACUS, Lin.

741. fullonum, Lin. D. sylvestris Huds. Wild Teasel. Common in fields

and waste places. Belle Isle, etc.

Order 32. Campanulaxes.
FAMILY 96. CUCURBITACE.F. Gourd Family.

323. CUCURBITA, Lin. Squash.

742. Pepo, Lin. Pumpkin.

324. CUCUMIS, Lin.

743. Melo, Lin. Muskmelon.

325. COLO'CYNTHIS. Tourn. ex. Quer.

744. Citrullus (Lin.) O. K. Watermelon. These three gourds are

frequently found upon ballast grounds and in waste places.

FAMILY 97. CAMPANULACE.F. Bellflower Family.

326. CAMPANULA, Lin.

745. aparinoides, Ph. Marsh Bellflower. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle.

Common.

327. SPECULARIA, Heist, ex. Fabr.

746. perfoliata (Lin.) A. DC. Venus' Looking-glass. Frequent in

thickets on Belle Isle.

FAMILY 98. LOBELIACE.F. Lobelia Family.

328. LOBELIA, Lin.

747. cardinalis, Lin. Cardinal flower. Near Linden Park. Rare.

748. syphilitica. Lin. Blue flower. Moist woods on Belle Isle. Common.

749. ' forma albiflora, Britt. With the species. Common.

750. spicata. Lam. Near Linden Park. Frequent.

751. var. hirtella. A. Gr. Near water works. Frequent.

752. inflata, Lin. Indian Tobacco. Borders of woods on Belle Isle. Rare.

FAMILY 99. COMPOSITiE. Composite Family.

329. VERNONIA, Schreb.

753. Drummondii, Shuttlew. Iron-weed. Common on Belle Isle and also

on main land.

754. gigantea (Walt.) Britt. Fireweed. Belle Isle. Rare.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 65

330. EUPATORIUM, Lin.

755. puipuieum, Lin. Queen-of-thevMeadow. Vicinity of Linden Park.

Rare.

756. perfoliatum, Lin. Boneset. Common in wet places on Belle Isle.

331. LACINARIA, Hill. Blazing Star.

757. scariosa (Lin.) Hill., var. corynibulosa, Sheldon. Xear Palmer Park.

Frequent.

332. SOLIDAGO, Lin. Goldenrod.

758. bi color, Lin. White Goldenrod. Linden Park. Common.

759. speciosa, Nutt. Near Linden Park. Rare.

• 760. rugosa, Mill. Xear Linden Park and Palmer Park. Common.

761. juncoa, Ait., var. scabrella (T. & G.) A. Gr. With the last. Rare.

762. serotina, Ait. Low grounds near water works. Rare.

763. var. gigantea (Ait.) A. Gr. With the last. Rare.

764. Canadensis, Lin., var. scabriuscula. Porter. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

765. nemoralis, Ait. Linden Park. Common.

766. Riddellii, Frank. Xear Linden Park. Common.

767. graminifolia (Lin.) Ell. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

333. ASTER, Lin.

768. cordifolius. Lin. Linden Park. Common.

769. sagittifolius. Wedm.. vav. urophyllus (Lindl.) Burgess. Belle Isle,

Linden Park. Common.

770. Xovae-Angliae. Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

771. var. roseus (Desf.) A. Gr. Xear the water works. Rare.

772. oblongifolius. Xiitt. (?) Xear Linden Park. Frequent.

773. aniethystiniis. Xutt. (?) Xear the water works. Rare.

774. puniceus, Lin., var. lucidulus, A. Gr. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

775. var. firmus (Xees.) T. &. G. Xear Palmer Park. Frequent.

776. laevis, Lin. Dry soils on Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

777. var. laevigatus, A. Gr. Belle Isle, etc. Frequent.

778. var. aniplifolius. Porter. Linden Park. Common.

779. Xovae-Belgii. Lin. (?) Linden Park. Frequent.

780. salicifolius. Lam. Belle Isle. Frequent.

781. paniculatus. Lam. Swampy shores of Belle Isle. Common.

782. var. bellidifolius (Willd.) Burgess. Belle Isle. Common.

783. Tradescanti, Lin. Swampy shores of Belle Isle. Common.

784. ericoides. Lin. Xear water works. Rare.

785. var. platyphyllus. T. & G. Xear water works. Frequent.

786. lateriflorus, Lin. Belle Isle. Common.

787. var. thvysoideus (T. & G.) Burgess. Belle Isle. Common.

788. var. grandis. Porter. Belle Isle. Rare.

789. var. horizontalis (Desf.) Burgess. Belle Isle. Common.

790. var. hirsuticaulis (Lindl.) Porter. Belle Isle. Rare.

791. multiflorus. Ait. Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.

792. umbellatus, Mill. Xear Linden Park, etc. Frequent.

334. ERIGEROX. Lin. Fleabane.

793. Philadelphicus, Lin.

794. annuus (Lin.) Pers.

795. ramosus (Walt.) B. S. P.

796. Canadensis, Lin.

797. divaricatus, Mx.

With the exception of the last named, Avhich is rare, and found only
at Linden Park, the species of Erigeron are more or less common
in fields and along roadsides, etc., on Belle Isle and the main land

G6 MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

335. AXTENNARIA, Ga-itii. Cudweed.

798. neodioiea, Greene., var. attenuata, Fernald. Xear Linden Park. Rare.

799. neglecta, Greene. Common on Belle Isle and the main land also.

800. oceidentalis, Greene. Linden Park and Palmer Park. Frequent.

801. fallax. Greene. Linden Park and Palmer Park. Frequent.

802. arnoglossa, Greene., var. anibigens, Greene. Linden Park and Palmer

Park. Frequent.

336. GXAPHALIUM. Liu.

803. obtusifolium, Lin. Life Everlasting. On Belle Isle. Common.

804. uliginosum, Lin. On Belle Isle. Frequent.

805. purpureum, Lin. At Linden Park. Rare.

337. SILPHIUM, Lin.

806. laeiniatum, Lin. Rosinweed.

807. terebinthinaceum, Jacq.

Both species of Rosinweed are frequent near Linden Park.

338. AMBROSIA. Lin. Ragweed.

808. trifida, Lin. Waste places. Common.

809. artemisiaefolia, Lin. Common on Belle Isle.

339. XAXTIIIU]\L Lin. Cocklebur.

810. spinosum, Lin. Waste places. Rare.

811. strumarium. Lin. Waste places, also Belle Isle. Frequent.

812. Canadense, 3Iill. Shores of Belle Isle. Common.

813. var. echinatum (Murr.) A. Gr. Linden Park. Frequent.

340. HELIOPSIS, Pers.

814. scabra, Dun. Dry grounds on Belle Isle. Rare.

341. RUDBECKIA. Lin.

815. hirta, Lin. Yellow Daisy. Fields, etc., on main land. Common.

342. HELIAXTHUS, Lin. Sun-flower.

816. annuus. Lin. Waste grounds at Detroit. Common.

817. Maximiliani, Schrad. Waste grounds. Rare.

818. giganteus, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

819. hirsutus, Raf. On main land. Rare.

343. COREOPSIS, Lin.

820. tinctoria, Xutt. Tickseed. A form with small heads and with rays

yellow throughout. Waste places. Rare.

821. tripteris, Lin. iMoist thickets near Palmer and Linden Parks. Com-

mon.

344. BIDEXS. Lin. Bur marigold, Beggar ticks.

822. cernua, Lin. Common and variable. Belle Isle, etc.

823. var. Bidens (Lin.) Coreopsis Bidens Lin. Sp. PI. 908: 1753.
Bidens cernua var. elliptica Wiegand. Belle Isle. Rare.

824. connata. ]Muhl. Belle Isle, etc. Common and variable; leaves un-

divided, incisely-cut or serrate (the type) ; or pinnately three
divided with the terminal division petioled, —

825. var. petiolata (Xutt.) B. petiolata Nutt. Jour. Acad. Philad.
7, 99;

826. in. var. anomala, the awns are upwardly barbed.

827. comosa (A. Gr.) Wiegand. Belle Isle and on the main land. Common.

828. melanocarpa, Wiegand. Belle Isle and on the main land. Common.

829. frondosa, Lin. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

830. var. puberiila. Wiegand. On the main land. Common.

831. trichosperma (Mx.) Britt.. var. tenuifolia (A. Gr.) Britt. (?) A

peculiar form found on Belle Isle. It has the outer linear involucre
bracts twice longer than the inner and equal to the rays in length.

832. aristosa (Mx.) Britt. Belle Isle. Rare.

FARWELL ON THE FLORA OF DETROIT. 67

345. HELENIUM, Lin.

833. autiimnale, Lin. Sneezeweed. Common in woods on Bcdle Isle.

346. ACHILLEA, Lin.

834. Millefolium, Lin. Yarrow. Borders of woods on. Belle Isle. Frequent.

347. ANTHEMIS. Lin.

835. Jbtnla, Lin. Mayweed. Waste places, ballast f;rounds, Belle Isle.

Common.

348. CHRYSANTHEMUM, Lin.

830. Leucantliemnm, Lin. Ox-eye-daisy. Fields at Linden Park, Belle
Isle, etc. Common.

349. TANACETU]\I, Lin.

837. vnlgare, Lin. Tansy. Waste places, etc. Frequent.

350. ARTEMISIA.- Lin. Wormwood.

838. annna. Lin. Waste grounds. Common.
830. biennis. Willd. Belle Isle. Common.

840. vulgaris, Lin. Waste places. Frequent.

351. ERECHTITES. Raf.

841. liieracifolia (L.) Raf. Fireweed. Marshy grounds on Belle Isle.

Common.

352. SENECIO, Lin.

842. aureus, Lin. Life-root. In moist grounds on Belle Isle. Frequent.

843. Balsamitse. Muhl. Near Palmer Park. Frequent.

844. vulgaris. Lin. Groundsel. Waste places. Rare.

353. CALENDULA, Lin.

845. officinalis, Lin. Fetid ^Marigold. Waste places. Rare.

354. ARCTIUM, Lin.

840. minus, Schk. Burdock. Belle Isle, etc. Common.

355. CARDUUS. Lin. Thistle.

847. lanceolatus, Lin. Bull Thistle. Fields on Belle Isle and main land.

Rare.

848. discolor (Muhl.) Nutt. Field Thistle. Fields, etc. Frequent.

849. arvensis (Lin.) Robs. Canada Thistle. Belle Isle and main land.

Common.

350. ONOPORDON, Lin.

850. Acanthium, Lin. Scotch Thistle. Waste places. Rare.

357. CENTAUREA, Lin.

851. Cyanus, Ijin. Corn Flower. An escape from gardens into waste places.

Not very frequent.

358. CICHORILIM. Lin.

8.52. Intybus, Lin. Chicory. Waste places, Belle Isle. etc. Common.

853. var. divaricatuni, DC. Near water works. Frequent.

359. ADOPOGON, Neck.

854. Virginicum (Lin.) 0. K. Goatsbeard. Near Linden Park. Common.

360. TARAXACUil, Hall.

855. Taraxacum (Lin.) Karst. Dandelion. Fields on Belle Isle, etc.

Common.

68 ' MICHIGAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE.

361. CICERBITA. Wallr. Alulgeditim Cass.

850. Floridana (Lin.) Wallr. Borders of moist woods on Belle Isle. Eare.

857. Canadensis (Lin.) Sonchus Canadensis Lin. Sp. PI. 79.3: 1753 (ex-

clude disoription) . On Belle Isle and other places. Common.

858. var. integrifolia (T. & G.) Mulgcditim leucophceuni, vai\. in-
tegrifoUnni T. & G. Flora ii, 499: 1843. Belle Isle and near Palmer
Park. Rare.

302. SOXCHUS, Lin.

. 859. arvensis, Lin. Sow Thistle. Ballast grounds, etc. Frequent.
800. oleraceus. Lin. Belle Isle. etc. Common in waste places.
/ 801. asper (Lin.) Hill. Belle Isle, etc. Common in waste places.

303. LACTUCA, Lin. Lettuce.

862. sativa, Lin. Garden Lettuce. Occasionally a specimen of this species
is found on the Island, also on the main land in Avaste places.

803. Scariola, Lin. Common in waste places, also Belle Isle.

804. Canadensis, Liu. Belle Isle and elsewhere. Common.
865. hirsuta, Mvihl. Xear Linden Park. Frequent.

806. sagittifolia. Ell. Belle Isle. Common along the shores.

807. pulchella (Ph.) DC. Waste places. Eare.

364. PRENANTHES. Lin. Eattlesnake-root.

808. altissima, Lin. Xear Palmer Park. Frequent.

869. alba, Lin. Common on Belle Isle.

365. HIEEACIUM, Lin.

870. scabrum, Mx. Hawkweed. Linden Park. Frequent.

■ Botanicar Garden LIbrar

_ New y

QK164.F37

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